Estudo sobre o potencial imunogênico da dentina: contribuição para a etiopatogenia da reabsorção dentária / Study on the immunogenical dentin potencial: contribution for the etiopathogenesis of dental resorption

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2001

RESUMO

The dental resorptions are inflammatory and/or substitutive and represent the principal phenomenon that prevents the success of transplants and dental reimplants from happening. Its occurrence can be a consequence of traumatism, periapical disease and induced dental movements. During the odontogenesis the dentin is always "hidden" from immune system and later protected by the enamel, cement and cementoblasts on the external side and, by the odontoblasts layer on the internal side. Two non-colagenical proteins phosphophorin and dentinal sialoprotein are specific of dentin. It was constructed the following hypothesis: the dentin, as a "hidden" antigen, can induce auto- immune phenomena and participate in the etiopathogenesis of the dental resorptions. Starting from extracted human teeth, we obtained a human dentinal extract inoculated into rabbits to obtain the immune sera. The huma n dentinal extract was able to react with the antibodies and to induce immune response in the rabbit. It was selected 12 patients with radicular inflammatory active apical resorption, 12 healthy individuals without signs of radicular resorptions evidences, and 4 patients with substitutive radicular resorption. Western blotting analysis showed that most of the fractions of the human dentinal extract were recognized by patients with resorption and controls in a similar way. Nevertheless, six of the fractions studied were not recognized as autologous by the immunological system of the patients. With the use of HPLC the human dentinal extract was fractioned and the subproducts collected by time interval. Results of ELISA demonstrated that the sera of patients with dental resorption presented larger amounts of IgG anti- total human dentinal extract and anti- fractions than control individuals, allowing a characterization of the sorological profile of the process. IgM anti-total human dentinal extract and anti- fractions in serum of patients with inflammatory resorption are in larger or equal amounts as the other studied groups. The seric profile of IgG and IgM allows to identify specificities inside of its own group of dental resorptions, dividing them into inflammatory and by substitution. There is an heterogenecity in the imunogenicity of the fractions of the dentinal extract. The cell cultures of patients with resorption had a smaller proliferation index than the controls when stimulated with total dentin extract or their fractions, but normal when stimulated with mitogens. The total human dentinal extract and its fractions presented capacity to induce a larger or equal concentration release of all the cytocins related to resorption in comparison to the controls without it. This was not observed with patients with dental substitution resorption, allowing the characterization of the groups with inflammatory and substitutive dental resorption. The obtained results reinforces an hypothesis that the dentin presents immunogenicity and the sorological profile of patients with dental resorption can be identified by blood biochemical analysis. Its precise screening can lead us to early diagnosis of dental resorption before it appears clinically and radiographically.

ASSUNTO(S)

dentina imunologia reabsorção de dente

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

Documentos Relacionados