Estudo dos parâmetros do decaimento do cloro residual em sistema de distribuição de água tratada considerando vazamento / Study of the residual decay parameters in water distribution systems with leakage

AUTOR(ES)

Sérgio Ricardo Toledo Salgado

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

The use of chlorine as disinfectant in water supply systems has been a common practice adopted by the water industry. Introduced during the treatment process, chlorine participates in several reactions with compounds of organic and inorganic nature inside the pipes. Such reactions that occur in the bulk and the wall of the pipes are responsible for chlorine decay along the networks. Visualizing the modeling as an efficient tool to manage the chlorine residual in water distribution systems, many studies have been conducted and reported by the literature, assuming that the chlorine decay effects can be well represented by the decay coefficients kb and kw. However, the determination of values for theses parameters is not an easy task, due to the complexity of the focused systems in terms of pipe materials and water supply sources diversity (surface water and groundwater). In Brazil, instead of recent legislation stating more strict limits for chlorine in drinking water (after disinfection, chlorine concentration has to observe the minimum concentration of 0.5 mg/L, being the minimum accepted level in the distribution system of 0.2 mg/L and the maximum of 2.0 mg/L), few studies focus on the evaluation of the decay parameters. This research reports the application of an inverse model built to determine the order for chlorine decay model and the global and/or local values for kb and kw. It is codified with the support of EPANET 2 (Toolkit) simulator and technology of genetic algorithms as optimization tool, which is implemented by using the GAlib C++ library. The studies were conducted on two real water distribution systems considering both global and specific quality parameters. A hypothetical network with three sources of chlorine was studied too, admitting leakage as pressure function. This system permitted both calibration and validation of the model as well as the evaluation of hydraulic calibration influence on the water quality results.

ASSUNTO(S)

water supply system coeficiente de decaimento do cloro chlorine decay coefficients calibration model leakage modelo de calibração sistema de distribuição de água vazamento

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