Estudo do gene PTPN11 nos pacientes afetados pela síndrome de Noonan / The PTPN11 gene analysis in Noonan syndrome patients

AUTOR(ES)

Débora Romeo Bertola

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2006

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Noonan syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder comprising short stature, facial dysmorphisms (ocular hypertelorism, downslanting palpebral fissures, palpebral ptosis, high arched palate and dental malocclusion), short and/or webbed neck, heart defects, mainly valvar pulmonary stenosis, sternal deformity and cryptorchidism in males. The PTPN11 gene, localized in the long arm of chromosome 12 (12q24.1), is responsible for approximately 50% of the cases. OBJECTIVE: To detect the PTPN11 gene mutation rate in a cohort of clinically well-characterized patients with Noonan and Noonan-like syndromes and to study the genotype-phenotype correlation. METHODS: Fifty probands with Noonan syndrome ascertained according to well-established diagnostic criteria, 3 with LEOPARD syndrome, 3 with Noonan-like/multiple giant cell lesion syndrome and 2 with neurofibromatosis/Noonan were enrolled in this study. Mutational analysis was performed using denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography followed by sequencing of amplicons with an aberrant elution profile. RESULTS: Missense mutations in the PTPN11 gene were identified in 21 probands with Noonan syndrome (42%), in all three patients with LEOPARD syndrome, in one case with Noonan-like/multiple giant cell lesion syndrome and in one with neurofibromatosis-Noonan syndrome. This last patient also showed a NF1 gene mutation. The only anomaly that reached statistical significance when comparing probands with and without mutations was the hematological abnormalities. A Noonan syndrome patient presenting a myeloproliferative disorder showed a T73I mutation. CONCLUSION: Noonan syndrome is a heterogeneous disorder, once PTPN11 gene mutations is responsible for 42% of the cases. A definitive genotype-phenotype correlation is not established, but the T73I mutation seems to predispose to a myeloproliferative disorder. Regarding Noonan-like syndromes, the PTPN11 gene is the main one in LEOPARD syndrome and also plays a role in neurofibromatosis-Noonan syndrome. Noonan-like/multiple giant cell lesion syndrome, part of the spectrum of Noonan syndrome, is also heterogeneous.

ASSUNTO(S)

mutação mutation síndrome de leopard síndrome de noonan/genética noonan syndrome/etiology noonan syndrome/genetics síndrome de noonan/etiologia mutação de sentido incorreto leopard syndrome fosfatase proteína-tirosina mutation missense protein-tyrosine-phosphatase

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