Estudo do absenteísmo na equipe de enfermagem de um Hospital de Ensino / Study of absenteeism in the nursing team of a College Hospital

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

The absenteeism among the nursing professionals has been of great concern within hospital manegement, which generates the need to deepen the knowledge related to its causes and also actions to reduce the indexes of occurance in hospitals. This descriptive and explanatory study aimed at analysing the factors which interfere in absenteeism taking place among the nursing professionals of Hospital de Clínicas, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro. This research was done in two stages. The first one aimed at checking the index of absenteeism, as well as identifying and analysing the main category of absenteeism among nursing professionals. In the second stage, the aim was identify the reasons ascribed by nursing professionals for their absences at work, and describe the alternatives proposed by them to reduce absenteeism. The data were collected from February to June, 2009, based on monthly reports of the year 2008. They were done by the Nursing Directory and found in the registers of Division of Medical Assistance and Education and the Medical Department of Foundation Teaching and Research of Uberaba. They were later undergone statistics and descriptive analysis. The sample of this first stage contemplated 383 professionals who had unpredictable absences. Among whom 52 (13,58%) were nurses, 182 (47,52%) were nursing technicians,131 (34,20%) were nursing assistants and 18 (4,70%) were health assistants. There were 1609 absences all together, representing 9843 days that were lost at work. The absences were classified into categories: illness absence (62,27%); absenteeism legal and compulsory, including excused absence (22.19%), mourning leave (1,80%), blood donation (0,87%), maternity leave (0,81%), and marriage leave (0.62%) and voluntary absenteeism, including unjustified absences totaling (11.44%). The absenteeism index was 5,62%, and the most affected category was the nursing assistants, female, aged between 30 to 39, with permanent jobs, working the night shift with a short period of absence ranging from 1 to 3 days. The absence due to illness reasons happened mainly because of osteomuscle problems and also the conjunctive tissue (18,86%). The origin unit with the highest level of absenteeism was the Intensive Care Adult (8,64%). In the second stage, 29 nursing professionals took part and they were loaded in the Intensive Care Unit Adult. In order to gather the data, direct observations were carried out and not systematized in the unit and also focal groups within the professional. All the information underwent the content analysis technique in theme modality, from where these topics were raised: the absenteeism for the nursing professionals and alternatives to minimize absenteeism. The results showed the following risk factors for absenteeism occurance: The physical environment of the ICU; centralized model of manegement, poor interpersonal relationship, overwork, disorganisation of service, personal and family matters. Some suggestions were pointed out to minimise the occurance: participative manegement, team work, service organisation, therapeutic support for ICU professionals. It was concluded that absenteeism occurance creates implicit subjective questions which envolve multiple dimensions, among which there are the interpersonal relationships, working conditions and the management processes, which can not be seen only by a quantitative perspective. The results os this study may contribute to the planning and implementation of preventive measures in order to reduce absenteeism in the hospital as well as in other contexts, specifically in the intervention about multi-cause factors, through directed actions towards the needs of the professionals and the institution.

ASSUNTO(S)

absenteísmo enfermagem workers health enfermagem saúde do trabalhador nursing administração de recursos humanos em hospitais. absenteeism human resources

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