Estudo da resposta imune a Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans e Porphyromonas gingivalis: produção de IL-10 e IFN-gama em cultura de células de sangue total e níveis séricos de IgG anti-Porphyromonas gingivalis em portadores de periodontite crônica.

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2005

RESUMO

Periodontitis is a multifactorial disease initiated and perpetuated by microbial factors that inhabit subgengival biofilm: the periodontopathogens. However, environmental and genetic factors may modify the disease and immune response deleterious effects are pointed as determinative to periodontal injury permanence. With the aim to contribute for understanding periodontitis imunorregulation, in vitro production of IFNgamma and IL-10 in whole blood cell cultures (WBCC) was evaluated under antigenic challenge of Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) as well as Aa purified leukotoxin. Additionally, seric IgG anti-Pg levels were analyzed. In this study, 35 volunteers were evaluated, 18 with severe chronic periodontitis (SCP) and 17 nonperiodontitis (NP) patients, males and females with 30 to 50 years age. Clinical parameters evaluation was carried through plaque index (PI), gingival bleeding index (GBI), bleeding on probing index (BPI), probing depth (BD), and clinical attachment level (CAL). Statistical analysis was done using t-student test, Mann Whitney test and Spearman correlation test. A level of 5% significance was accepted. ELISAs with WBCC supernatants revealed high production of IL-10 and low production of IFN-gamma under stimuli of all antigens evaluated. Pg induced the highest concentration of IL-10 and its IL-10:IFN-gamma ratio was 5.6 to 6.4 higher than Aa one. WBCC of severe chronic periodontitis patients presented higher production of IL-10 than nonperiodontitis patients when stimulated with E. coli LPS and Pg (p≤0,05). Seric IgG anti-Pg levels were also higher in patients with severe chronic periodontitis (p≤0,001). A positive correlation was noticed between IL-10 produced in WBCC stimulated with Porphyromonas gingivalis and specific IgG seric levels (p≤0,05) and it was observed a negative correlation between IFN-gamma basal concentration and IgG anti-Pg (p≤0,05). Additionally, IFN-gamma concentrations produced in vitro correlated positively with important clinical parameters of disease severity. The results of these experiments, in the used experimental model, suggest that Porphyromonas gingivalis induces a distinct cytokine profile compared to Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, marked by an accentuated production of the regulatory cytokine IL-10. This cytokine profile may influence humoral immune response to this bacterium.

ASSUNTO(S)

anticorpos antibacterianos interleukin-10, interferon-gamma interleucina-10 interferon-gama periodontitis antibacterial antibodies periodontite imunologia

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