Estudo da Leishmaniose tegumentar americana no Estado do Mato Grosso, no período de 1994 a 1999 / American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis in the state of Mato Grosso 1994 to 1999

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2004

RESUMO

American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) is widely distributed in the continent, being a relevant public health problem in Latin America. In Brazil, it is more present in the Center-West, North and Northeast regions, with about 35 thousand reported cases every year. The disease is strongly associated with the entrance of large amount of people into recently deforested areas. The Center-West region of Brazil, mainly the State of Mato Grosso, experienced a very disorganized process of colonization in the recent decades, showing a marked increase in the number of cases of ATL. This investigation was designed to describe the evolution of the disease in Mato Grosso from 1994 to 1999, using secondary data provided by the routine activities of National Health Foundation (Funasa), corresponding to the 4 districts in which the State was divided: 1 (Cáceres), 2 (Nortelândia), 3 (Rondonópolis) and 4 (Sinop). Excluding the year 1998, in which operational problems related to the distribution of medicines to treat ATL caused reduction in reporting cases of the disease, the incidences rates (per 10000) varied from 16.5 (in 1997) to 20.6 (in 1999). ATL showed increasing rates along the period, with every municipality reporting cases in 1999. Males above 20 years of age showed the highest rates in all districts and during the whole period under study. The disease had a different distribution according to the district: Cáceres had the lowest rates (5.0 to 5.6 per 10000); Rondonópolis, intermediate rates (12.7 to 14.5 per 10000); Nortelândia and Sinop, high rates (32.6 to 44.5 and 29.2 to 55.2, respectively). The low incidence in Cáceres is probably due to the fact that this area has a more stable population. On the other hand, the district of Nortelândia, and, especially Sinop, encompasses areas which experienced an aggressive colonization process in recent years, with intense deforestation intended to expand the agriculture frontier, construction of highways and enormous population movement into the area, which explains the rise of the rates along the period. The results of this investigation show that ATL has a great sanitary relevance in Mato Grosso, with transmission occurring in its whole territory and showing an increasing trend along the last years of the studied period. The progression of the disease is more evident in the area of District 4 (Sinop), where 12 municipalities showed incidence rates above 100 cases per 10000 inhabitants in 1999.

ASSUNTO(S)

leishmaniose tegumentary epidemiology epidemiologia mato grosso mato grosso tegumentar leishmaniasis

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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