Estudo da evaporaÃÃo de lixiviados de aterros sanitÃrios como alternativa tecnolÃgica de tratamento: testes em bancada

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

The leachate from landfill contains high pollution load and its composition gives large amounts of ammonia, chlorides, recalcitrant substances, organic and inorganic compounds. Such waste can cause negative effects on the environment and interfere with the performance of biological processes for their degradation. The choice of technology appropriate treatment of leachate must be based on a careful assessment of technical and economic parameters. An alternative is the process of evaporation, which allows a reduction of 90% of the volume of leachate and can be performed in an equipment called Evaporator , using as a source of the caloric energy from landfill gas itself. This technology is already used in the United States, Europe and Brazil, enabling some of these facilities to obtain carbon credits. However, this process generates two products: waste and vapors, whose membership requires further studies. For a preliminary assessment of this technique was performed evaporation of leachate in the laboratory scale with the appropriate collection and analysis of by-products generated in the process. The equipment used was similar to the glass of fractional distillation, using a fractionation tower to avoid the drag of non-volatile contaminants. The leachate had studied physical and chemical characteristics under the age of their cells. The characterization of the leachate from the landfill Gramacho (RJ) pointed to the following average values: 442 mg/L BOD, 3186 mg/L of COD and 2153 mg/L of ammonia. The evaporation was conducted in order to obtain a reduction of 70% of the volume of the sample. Vapors from the evaporation showed a significant reduction of COD (77 mg/L), BOD (15 mg/L), chloride (17 mg/L) and other contaminants, only ammonia could not be reduced, showing a concentration around of 2022 mg/L. It was carried out with evaporation manure acidified, in an attempt to keep the ammonia in waste, getting a reduction efficiency of around 99%. This approach to pre-treat the leachate has a great potential because in addition to the reduction of most pollutants, still has the advantage of generating carbon credits and reduce the amount of manure

ASSUNTO(S)

tecnologia ambiental solid wast aterro sanitÃrio sanitary landifill evironmental technology resÃduos sÃlidos engenharia civil

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