Estrategias tecnologicas de empresas multinacionais no Brasil : diversidade e determinantes

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2004

RESUMO

The main objective of this thesis is to identify patterns of technological efforts in Multinational Enterprises (MNEs) located in Brazil and explore their main drivers. In recent years, MNEs have consolidated as diffusers and creators of innovation, which is considered the corner-stone for competitiveness in the global market. However, the acquisition of innovative capabilities is not a fortuitous process, but involves a bulk of technological efforts, from investments on physical capital, human resources, knowledge to Research and Development (R&D) and management skills. The different ways firms combine these assets for innovation we called “technological strategies”. The sample of 370 foreign firms operating in Brazil (São Paulo State), in 1996, which comes from the “Pesquisa da Atividade Econômica Paulista” (PAEP), has showed different behaviors related to seeking and creation of technological assets, which has characterized distinct technological strategies: the first, is based on disembodied technological acquisition (payments of royalties and technical assistance); the second, is based on local technological assets (investments in national machines and equipments and personal in internal R&D activities); and the third one, is more oriented to importation of embodied technology (investments on foreign equipment and machines). It also found that the different technological patterns have influenced by different subsidiary’s attributes. In other words, while strategies based on disembodied technology and imported embodied technology have been significant variations according to the industrial sectors which firm belongs to, the strategy based on local technological assets (ETL) is more influenced by firm-size. The main conclusion is that the results from this aggregate analysis confirm recent empirical evidences about the diversity of technological activities by MNEs in PEDs. The different technological strategies in foreign companies operating in Brazil have showed the activities are not only related to importation of technology per se, despite of the fact that MNEs, in the first and third strategies, are more oriented to acquire technology externally (outside of the firm). Moreover, the scale economies in the largest MNEs are the main driver for more intensive technological efforts, based on internal R&D activities and their complementarity’s links with local capital goods suppliers.

ASSUNTO(S)

empresas multinacionais processo de transformação tecnologia e desenvolvimento economico areas subdesenvolvidas

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