Epidemiologia do cancro cítrico (Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri) em laranja Pêra (Citrus sinensis) sob condições de controle químico e cultural / Epidemiology of citrus canker (Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri) on ‘Pêra’ sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) under chemical and cultural control

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2006

RESUMO

Citrus canker, caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri, is one of the most important diseases to citrus production. The effect of alternative measures of citrus canker control is very important to areas where plant eradication is the most important measure of control, as in Sao Paulo State, as well as to areas where eradication is not a major component of canker control, as in Parana State. This work aimed to study the progress of citrus canker in field conditions under chemical control, by using copper sprays; and cultural control, by using windbreak. Field plots were installed in a citrus orchard of ‘Pêra’ sweet orange located in Ourizona county, northwest of Parana State, Brazil. Information regarding the effect of each treatment alone or in combination was assessed. Whereas copper sprays showed significant effect on reducing citrus canker levels, windbreak did not contribute significantly to disease control. After 29 monthly assessments, plants submitted to copper sprays showed values of AUDPC* of citrus canker incidence near to 20 %. This disease level was 44 % lower than that observed to plants not protected with copper compound. The same pattern was observed to disease severity. After 18 monthly assessments, plants sprayed with copper showed values of AUDPC* of disease severity 37 % lower than that observed to plants of the check plots. In 2004, when the citrus canker level was higher, plants treated with copper yielded 54 % more than that not sprayed. In 2005, when the citrus canker level was lower, no significant difference was observed between treatments. In both seasons, plants sprayed with copper showed lower citrus canker incidence on fruits and higher rate of harvested fruits. Among the temporal models tested, the logistic was the most appropriate to describe citrus canker incidence over time in both years studied to all treatments. In both harvests the rate of harvested fruits was the variable that showed the higher coefficient of determination (R2) when related to citrus canker incidence and severity levels.

ASSUNTO(S)

modelos matemáticos controle cultural – fitossanidade mathematical models windbreak cancro – doença de planta bactericide quebra-vento bactericida controle químico copper cultural control - phytosanity chemical control canker - plant disease cobre laranja orange

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