Environmental characterization of the Mogi Guaçu river upstream region (Bom Repouso - MG): replicability strategies and guidelines for drawing up the environmental adequation plan / Caracterização ambiental da região de montante do rio Mogi-Guaçu (Bom Repouso - MG): estratégias para replicabilidade e diretrizes para elaboração do plano de adequação ambiental

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

The upstream region of the river Mogi Guaçu is considered strategic regarding the water issue, with hundreds of springs that contribute to the formation of brooks and streams and which enable the multiple uses of water in cities located in the states of Minas Gerais and São Paulo. Considering this, we tried to carry out an environmental diagnostic (between 2005 and 2007) in the administrative boundaries of the city of Bom Repouso/MG by analyzing the use and occupation of land, social, sanitary (public health) and tourism aspects, to focus on the 759 areas of cataloged springs (in use), stretches of streams and gallery forests which make up the pathway to the farms and their respective users (1509 in the rural zone and 452 in the city). The main results show the existence of 468 punctual springs (emerging on top of hills or slopes) and 291 diffuse ones (located in areas of plains, forming wetlands), besides the high amount of water in the three microbasins (78.78% of users have at least 01 spring that supplies 01 to 02 families). However, at the other springs the relationship is reversed, with a users/springs relation of 06 to 109 families. The occupation of the land, is mostly interspersed with agriculture/monoculture, field/pasture and natural vegetation belt of 50 meter radius in relation to areas of springs and 30 meters of vegetation belt in relation to streams. In the evaluated microbasins the springs and streams are for domestic use and irrigation, respectively. The areas of preserved springs (with up to 70% vegetation presence) are predominantly the punctual type, located in isolated areas and difficult to access. The areas considered of disturbed springs (with 50 to 70% of vegetation presence, but in a good state of preservation) and degraded (less than 50% of vegetation presence, compacted areas and with installed erosion processes) are usually diffuse, with use of livestock (pasture) and with free access to quench the thirst of animals. The disposal of waste (49.41%) occurs via PVC pipeline direct to the stream stretch closest to the dwellings, black tanks (38.47%) and septic tanks with drain (7.77%). Besides the local diagnosis, replicability tests were performed for mobilization and action in nearby cities from development of the simplified methodology of environmental characterization in the municipalities of Senador Amaral (10 areas) and Monte Sião (14 areas), in addition to training and dissemination of information to the members/multipliers of these communities and in the municipalities of Tocos do Moji and Bom Repouso. The research results led to guidelines for drawing up the environmental adequation plan with similar and priority actions of preservation and recovery in short, medium and long terms, based on the factors of degradation identified in different areas of the region, as well as the need for better planning, promoting the multiple uses and reducing the already existing conflicts and the potential ones.

ASSUNTO(S)

rio mogi-guaçu bacia hidrográfica environmental adequation plan springs mogi-guaçu river river basin nascentes plano de adequação ambiental

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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