Ensaios sobre a meta de inflação ótima para o Brasil / Optimal inflation target for the Brazilian economy

AUTOR(ES)

Marcelo Gaspari Cirne de Toledo

FONTE

IBICT - Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

22/03/2011

RESUMO

Inflation targeting regimes have been adopted by a large number of countries in recent years. Obviously, the definition of the actual inflation target to be pursued is an essential part of this regime. This work aims to make a contribution to the debate about the optimal target for Brazil. The three essays follow different paths in an attempt to estimate the quantitative costs and benefits of the different inflation targets for the Brazilian economy. The focus is on the long-term effects of the different targets as these are more important than the possible costs during the transition towards the new inflation target. The first article discusses the optimal inflation target based on the welfare loss measured by the money demand function, a classic channel highlighted in the literature. The second assesses the relation between the level and uncertainty of future inflation. We investigate this issue with the use of econometric models to estimate the conditional variance of inflation, of inflation expectations reported by professional economic analysts and of break-even inflation rates. The third article presents a more theoretical and structural focus. We present a model in which there is a trade-off for the inflation target and this model is calibrated to obtain estimates of the optimal target for the Brazilian economy. On one hand, the model considers the welfare loss caused by inflation through money demand and, on the other, the benefit from the reduced frequency of periods in which a downward nominal wage restriction binds. Our conclusion is that the analysis presented suggests that, considering the lower macroeconomic uncertainty observed in Brazil in the recent years, there would be reasons for a gradual reduction in the inflation target. However, it also suggests that very low targets should not be set as the additional benefit in reducing the inflation target is relatively small once the inflation target has already been set at a low level.

ASSUNTO(S)

brazil downward nominal wage rigidity inflação - brasil inflation target monetary policy política monetária - brasil salários

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