Effects of experimental pulmonary hemodynamic overload on cardiovascular system and pulmonary structural and function / Efeitos da sobrecarga hemodinâmica pulmonar experimental no sistema cardiovascular e na estrutura e função pulmonar

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2010

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: The pulmonary hemodynamic overload (PHO) is associates to high mortality and morbidity clinical entities as: postpneumonectomy pulmonary edema, pulmonary thromboembolism, lung transplantation and physiological situations as physical exercise. Some pathophysiological aspects related to PHO are not elucidated. OBJECTIVES: To study pulmonary and cardiac pathopysiological alterations induced by PHO. METHODS: Twenty Large White pigs were anesthetized, intubated and subjected to volume controlled mechanical ventilation followed to median sternotomy. Pulmonary lobes structures were isolated by surgical dissection and pulmonary arteries of left lung, right lower lobe and mediastinal lobe were completely isolated. The animals were randomized into 4 groups (n=5 each) with one control (C) and three of PHO (LI, LII and LIII) induced by pulmonary arterial occlusions specifics for each group. In the control group (C), all lobes were perfused, ie none of arteries were occluded. In the LI group, only the right lung was perfused; in the LII group, the right lung but the lower lobe; in LIII group, the right lung but the lower and mediastinal lobes, obstructing the pulmonary vasculature in 42, 76 and 82% respectively. Hemodynamics and gas exchange variables were monitored during 60 minutes of PHO. At the end of the study, the middle lobe was resected for analysis of structural variables: morphometry (alveolar and vascular) and calculation of the wet weight / dry weight ratio. Statistical analysis settings were used with mixed linear models of variance and covariance structure, a one-way ANOVA, simple linear regression and mixed effects linear regression with random intercept and trend. RESULTS: In intergroup comparisons there were significant differences during the 60 minutes of PHO in hemodynamic variables: Heart rate (p=0, 004), Systemic arterial pressure (p=0,01), Systolic index (p=0,002), Pulmonary arterial pressure (p=0,001) and Pulmonary capillary pressure (p <0,0001). Gas exchange: for PaO2/FiO2 ratio (p=0,002), PaCO2 (p<0,0001), arterial pH (p<0,0001), O2 consumption index (p=0,02), Shunt (p=0,03). Structural: perivascular and alveolar edema (p<0,0001) in both and the wet weight / dry weight ratio (p=0,005). There were no significant differences in intergroup comparisons of variables: Cardiac index (p=0,94), arterial HCO3 (p=0,63), O2 offer index (p=0,89) and O2 extraction (p=0,08). CONCLUSIONS: The PHO promoted significant pulmonary dysfunction in previously healthy lungs with structural changes (alveolar and perivascular edema) and increased arterial and pulmonary capillary pressures. Cardiac function was preserved despite the large reduction in pulmonary vascular bed (82% in group LIII). In LII group occurred reverse of pulmonary dysfunction with past of PHO time

ASSUNTO(S)

hemodinâmica hemodynamics lesão pulmonar aguda respiratory function tests swine oclusão vascular pulmonar pulmonary vascular occlusion testes de função cardíaca heart function tests testes de função respiratória suínos acute lung injury hiperfluxo pulmonar pulmonary high blood flow

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