Effects of chronic and prolonged solar radiation in immunologic system of fishermen from Recife, Brazil / Efeitos da radiação solar crônica e prolongada sobre o sistema imunológico de pescadores do Recife

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2007

RESUMO

Introduction: The ultraviolet radiation effects on the human immunological system are highly complex, disturbing some components of immune response. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical, histopathological and immunological effects from solar radiation in male fishermen with more than 10 years of uninterrupted activity. Methods: A prospective, transversal, observational and analytical study was done observing the dermatological lesions diagnosed by a physical exam, comparing groups, for the analysis of immunologic markers on the skin and in the blood, as well as histological alterations on the skin. This study was developed at a fishing community in Pina, in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. Nineteen fishermen with an average professional working time of 29,0 ± 10,3 years were included in this study. The variable of this sample was: age, sex, skin type (according to Fitzpatrick classification), civilian status, degree of instruction, number of children, type and time of professional activity, body mass index, daily sun radiation exposure and any kind of current or past (12 months prior of the collection of data) illness. The dermatological variable was any alterations on the skin, mucosa and annexes. In order to compare the lymphocytes subpopulation in the blood, we used 10 non fishermen living in the same region with an indoor profession. The average ages ranged 42,5 ± 11,6 years. The immunological markers of the skin were determined by immune-histochemistry and those of blood, by flow cytometer. The Mann-Whitney test had been used, for equality hypothesis, between the sun-exposed and non-exposed group. The Fisher test was used for independence group analyzing and Wilcoxon test, as a comparison between the immunological and histopathological findings on exposed and non-exposed skin, all in equal level of significance (0,05). Results: Comparing exposed and non-exposed skin, elastosis (73,7% against 23,1% respectively; p = 0,03) dermis ectasic vases (78,9% against 31,6% respectively; p=0,012) and number of cells in epidermis segments between cones(5,8 ± 1,08 against 5,2 ± 0,42; p=0,029) were significantly more frequent in the exposed skin. Also, the CD45RO+, Cd68+ markers and mastocytes (p=0,040, p<0,001 and p=0,001) had been significantly statistic on exposed skin. The increase of CD3CD8CD45RO+, in peripheral blood, was more frequent in fishermen than the non fishermen workers (p=0,016) Conclusions: The barrier effect to the penetration of the solar radiation established by elastosis, the increase of cellular number of cell layers between the cones, increase of melanocytes and increase of dermal vasculature, represented for the ectasy, suggests the existence of a tolerance effect to sun radiation damage, which probably inhibits the installation of immunodepression. This effect is endorsed by the increasing of CD3CD8CD45RO+ and increase in trend of CD28+ expression, capable to protect Cd4+ cells apoptosis induced from CD95 (Fas).

ASSUNTO(S)

pele/imunologia dermatology marcadores biológicos dermatologia immunology/skin raios ultravioleta/efeitos adversos immunological markers ultraviolet radiation/adverse effects

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