Effect of the concentration of nitrogen, inoculants and composting methods for the cultivation of Agaricus blazei / Efeito do Teor de NitrogÃnio, Inoculantes e MÃtodos de Compostagem para Cultivo de Agaricus blazei.

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2006

RESUMO

The conventional process composting for the cultivation of Agaricus blazei mushroom requires the utilization of pasteurization/conditioning tunnel to eliminate the excess of ammonia from the compost. For the production without this system, special conditions must be established to avoid the presence of ammonia on the final compost. The aim of this project was to evaluate the productivity and biological efficiency of the growth of the mushroom Agaricus blazei under different composting process. In order to evaluate that experiments were done using microorganisms, such as ammonia assimilating bacteria and the fungus Scytalidium thermophilum as starters during four and six weeks of composts process, as well as in the traditional methodology composting (phase I and phase II) using different nitrogen concentration. The Agaricus blazei CS1 was used, on the following experiments: E1 â 6 weeks composting under successive revolving and vapor pasteurization for 48 hour, using different concentrations of N-initial and addition of the bacteria Alcaligenes faecalis, Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas stutzeri during composting and pasteurization; E2 â 4 weeks composting under successive revolving with N initial similar to all the treatments (1,5%), having the addition of the bacteria mentioned on E1 and the thermophilic fungus Scytalidium thermophilum in special treatments; E3 â conventional composting (phase I and II) with similar concentrations of N-initial for the treatments (2,0%), however with the addition of different microorganisms (bacteria and Scytalidium thermophilum) on the two phases of the compost preparation. For better evaluating the results of the experiments, the monitoring of the temperature, moisture and pH were made during the composting, as well as the determination of the concentration of cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin of the raw material and composting after the final processes. It was determined the mycelium growth in mm/day for all experiments done. The concentration of N-total of the raw material and of each final compost was determined. It was also determined the amonnia content after the finalization of the vapor pasteurization process or phase II, according to the methodology used. It was made an account of the average mushrooms produced in vase/replication (5 kg wet substrate/vase), as well as the determination of the average mass of them. It was determined the percentage of mass of the mushrooms produced in five cycles of 15 days each since the outcome of the first mushroom after induction. The results have shown that the methodology of preparation of the substrate on the cultivation of A. blazei in six week composting and vapor pasteurization was efficient in terms of productivity and biological efficiency only when there happened the addition of bacteria or when the fungus Scytalidium thermophilum was added, when the N-initial concentration was 1,5%. The conventional methodology of substrate preparation have shown that the N-initial concentration should be between 1,0% and 1,5%, considering biological productivity and efficiency. The utilization of bacteria and Scytalidium thermophilum as inoculums did not present positive effect on the conventional methodology in composting with 2,0% of N-initial, when assessed the biological efficiency and productivity.

ASSUNTO(S)

produtividade composting microbiologia scytalidium thermophilum production eficiÃncia biolÃgica bacillus subtilis pseudomonas stutzeri pasteurizaÃÃo alcaligenes faecalis agaricus blazei bacillus subtilis amÃnia pasterization amonnia nitrogÃnio total pseudomonas stutzeri mushroom mÃtodos de compostagem alcaligenes faecalis cogumelo agaricus blazei scytalidium thermophilum

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