Effect of pectin and cellulose in the toxicity of pyrethroids insecticides in electrocardiographics and morphologicals parameters in male weaning Wistar rats. / Efeito da pectina e da celulose na toxicidade de inseticidas piretroides sobre parametros eletrocardiograficos e morfologicos em ratos Wistar machos recem desmamados.

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

The study was conducted on male wealing Wistar rats. They were exposed, by gavage, to deltamethrin and permethrin and the carditoxic effects of the pyrethroids and protective effects of dietary fibres were determinated. The purposes of this study were the eletrocardiographics evaluation, the histopathological study of the liver and heart and the residues determination in heart and liver of the rats. For that, this worky was divided in three parts: 1) Acute exposure, 2) Subchronic exposure, 3) Subchronic exposure + dietary fibres. In the first step, the animals were exposed to LD50, ½ LD50, 1/5 LD50 and 1/10 LD50 of permethrin and deltamethrin to determinate the lowest (LOAEL) dose which the acute effect could be observed. The insecticides were administrated in corn oil (5 ml/kg), intragastrically, in a single dose. Parallel studies were conduced in a control group that received only corn oil. The ECG records showed that 1/10 LD50 dose of permethrin and deltamethrin was the best dose for the conduction of subchronic assay. The experimental groups received the pyrethroids once a day for 28 days, in the same conditions of the first study. The subchronic poisoning resulted in negative chronotropism, prolongation of the PR interval and QRS complex, suggesting decrease of the stimulus from the atriums to ventricles. Besides, the prolongation of QT and QTc intervals indicated a decrease of the despolarization and repolarization processes suggesting sudden cardiac death. The QRS complex prolongation appeared only in the animals that received deltamethrin. In the third fase, the possible protective effects of pectin (soluble fiber) and cellulose (insoluble fiber) on pyrethroids cariotoxicity were evaluated. For this study, 1/10 LD50 dose was utilizated. Pectin increased the heart rate and decreased the PR, QT and QTc intervals and QRS complex, showing be efficient in reducing the cardiotoxicity. The ingestion of cellulose did not change the effects in heart observed in experimental animals. After the subchronic exposition, the heart and liver were taken in order to evaluate histologic changes. No changes were observed in the hearts of the rats exposed to both of pyrethroids. However, the liver of the animals exposed to deltamethrin showed inflamatory cells, irregular hepatocytes, cytoplasmatic changes, condensed nucleus and indefinite nucleolus. The permethrin induced the same histological changes observed in the livers exposed to the deltamethrin, exception of the inflamatory infiltrations. The pectin in the diet reduced all the histological changes previously observed and the cellulose did not efficient in the protection of the studied tissues. In the end of the subchronic essay, the tissue residues levels of permethrin and deltamethrin in heart and liver were estimated by gas chromatography with electron-capture detection. Residues of permethrin and deltamethrin were not observed in the studied tissues. (LOD <0.9/0.2 for deltamethrin and LOD <1.0/0.2 for permethrin in liver and heart, respectively).

ASSUNTO(S)

histology rats electrocardiogram cg-edc histologia pyrethroids fibras rato cg-dce piretroides eletrocardiograma fibers

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