Effect of bone morphogenetic protein-6 on macrophages
AUTOR(ES)
Hong, Jun Hyuk
FONTE
Blackwell Science Inc
RESUMO
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are members of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β superfamily which regulates bone formation, haematopoiesis and development. While TGF-β is known to be a negative regulator of the immune system, the effect of BMPs on the immune system is largely unknown. Herein, the effect of BMP-6 on the innate immune system was investigated using the murine macrophage cell line RAW 264·7. BMP-6 altered cellular morphology, inhibited cellular proliferation, increased the fraction of subG1 phase cells, and decreased the fraction of cells in the S and G2M phases, without changing the percentage of apoptotic cells. In addition, BMP-6 induced expression of pro-inflammatory inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and the cytokine tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α. Reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis demonstrated the expression of all three known type II BMP receptors [BMP-RII, activin (Act)-RIIA and Act-RIIB] and two of the three known type I receptors [activin receptor-like kinase 2 (ALK2) and ALK3]. Over-expression as well as knock-down studies using short hairpin RNA (shRNA) demonstrated that BMP-RII, ALK2 and ALK3 are the functional BMP-6 receptors in macrophages. Finally, the effect of BMP-6 was confirmed in murine peritoneal macrophages and the THP-1 human monocyte cell line. Taken together, these results demonstrate that BMP-6 regulates the proliferation and gene expression profile of macrophages.
ACESSO AO ARTIGO
http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=2753950Documentos Relacionados
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