Efeitos deletérios de microcistina em matrinxã (Brycon cephalus) e tilápia nilótica (Oreochromis niloticus). / Deleterious effects of microcystin on matrinxã (Bryan cephalus) and Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2010

RESUMO

The aim of this study was to evaluate the water quality in fish earthpond with blooms of cyanobacterias and acute toxicity (DL50 - 24 hs) of microcystin in species (Brycon cephalus) and tilapia nilotica (Oreochromis niloticus) as well as histological changes in gills, kidney and liver in fish. Water quality monitoring was carryed out in a pisciculture in Espirito Santo do Pinhal city, SP, Brazil. There were two collections of water samples containing bloom of cyanobacteria for analysis of microalgae composition, toxin determination and toxicological bioassay in laboratory. Measurements of physical, chemical and biological variables were done and determination of trophic status of pond water were monitored. The results according to the trophic state index of samples taken showed hipereutrophic state for the pond water. Was evident the presence of cyanobacteria, represented by microcystins with values ranging from 229.2 to 147.4 µg/g. The bloom of cyanobacteria presented mixed composition, represented mainly by species Anabaena circinalis, Anabaena spiroides, Aphanocapsa sp., Microcystis aeruginosa, Microcystis panniformis, Microcystis viridis, Microcystis cf. Wesembergii, Pseudanabaena mucicola among others. The results of tests with crude extract of bloom cyanobacteria did not show mortality of fish. However, there were changes in cellular structures of fish tested as the presence of hepatocellular intracytoplasmatic deposit, vacuolar degeneration observed in renal tubular epithelium, and proliferation of epithelial lining (hyperplasia) of gills, with cases of total fusion of secondary lamellae for both tilapias and for matrinxã. Crude extract of cyanotoxins, in concentrations of 125 mg/kg of body weight, injected in fishes provoke deleterious effect with expressive changes in the gills, kidney and liver.

ASSUNTO(S)

algae bloom cianobactéria cyanobactéria eutrofico eutrophic floração de algas histopatologia histophatology mycrocistin piscicultura pisciculture toxicidade toxicity

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