Efeitos da adição de niobio na estrutura e propriedades dos aços com medio e alto teor de carbono

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

1983

RESUMO

Medium and high carbon steels containing microalloying additions of niobium have, in recent years, been used for the manufacture of forged components in the automotive industry, rails and high strength concrete reinforcing bars. However, optimization of the strength and toughness properties of these materials has largely been empirical. The present work was therefore initiated to gain a more basic understanding of the effects of niobium on the structure and mechanical properties of medium and high carbon steels. An exhaustive bibliographical research was made, collecting and analysing all the information related to the usage of microalloying elements (V, Ti and Nb) in medium and high carbon steels. Some equations to calculate , easy and precisely the solubility of niobium in austenite, in the presence of niobium carbides, nitrides or carbonitrides were developed. Experiments carried out with 0.2; 0.4 and 0.8%C, microalloyed with 0.03%Nb, forged at 9000C, led to an reduction of 20 to 50% in the austenite grain diameter. The niobium dissolved in the austenite delayed the ferrite nucleation, and the precipitation of NbC increased the ferrite hardness from 150 to 200 VHN (Vickers). The niobium dissolved in the austenite delayed the pearlite nucleation, increased its interlamelar spacing and precipitated as NbC in the ferrite of the pearlite. The result of these effects was that the pearlite hardness was not affected. Analysis carried out with an Ionic Microprobe showed that neither niobium nor carbon segregate at the austenite grain boundary, suggesting that the delay observed in the nucleation of ferrite or pearlite was associated with the increase of the energy at the interfaces g/a or g/pearlite provoked by the niobium dissolved in the austenite. The delay observed in ferrite growth, was verified to be caused by the partitioning of niobium between ferrite and austenite. The addition of O,03%Nb in medium and high carbon steels, air cooled, increased the strength of these steels by up to 150 MPa without decreasing their ductility. Finally, the complex relationships among Composition-Thermo-mechanical Treatment-Structure and Mechanical Properties of the medium and high carbon steels microalloyed with niobium were analysed

ASSUNTO(S)

materiais carbono niobio aços - tecnologia

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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