Efeito do recobrimento de sementes com fósforo na qualidade das sementes, nodulação e crescimento das plantas de soja / Effect of coated of seed with phosphorous on quality of seeds, nodulation and growth of plants of soy

AUTOR(ES)

Marcos Morais Soares

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

The seed is one of the principal input of agriculture, because carry all genetic potential of plant, determining, largely, the success of the crop. The objective this work was study the effect of phosphorous, by coated of seeds of soy with phosphorous, have with sources monobasic phosphorous phosphate, on germination and vigor of two lots os soy seeds, with different texts this nutrient and, also, study his effect in nodulation and growth of soy plants. Several lots of soy seeds of the agricultural year 2006/2007, of same size class (sieve 5,5 mm), of Pioneer cultivate P98R31, habit of uncertain and precocious growth (maturity group 8,3), were obtained of Pioneer - Planaltina-DF. After that, was determinated, in the Laboratory of Mineral Nutrition of Plants of the Department of Fitotecnia of Federal University of Viçosa, the text of phosphorous on seeds by digest nitric- percloric and the quantification by spectrometry of molecular absorption. In this manner, was selected the two lots more different, that corresponded of 0,441 dag kg-1 (S1) and 0,538 dag kg-1 (S2). In the first experiment, after the selection of lots S1 (lesser text of phosphorous) and S2 (bigger text of phosphorous), in the Laboratory of Seeds of Federal University of Viçosa, was carried the coated of seeds with phosphorous, using as source monobasic phosphorous phosphate (salt p.a). The seeds of each lot had been treated in the following sequence: fungicide Derosal Plus (carbendazin + thiram), in the dose of 200 ml 100kg-1 of seeds and monobasic phosphorous phosphate in the doses 0; 0,2; 0,4; 0,8; 1,2 and 1,6 g hg-1 of seeds. In the second experiment, carried in the vegetable house, the seeds of two lots was treated same to the first experiment, with exception the dose of 1,6 g hg-1 of monobasic phosphorous phosphate in the seeds, and also after the application of phosphate, it was utilized the inoculants turfoso Microxisto in the dose of 3,0 millions of cells of bacteria Bradyrhizobium japonicum by seed, after that the seeds was sowing in the plastic vases containing 2,5 dm3 of sample of one red-yellow latosol added of P as the treatments, in the doses of 200 and 400 mg kg-1, having with source triple superphosphate, in order to get itself two levels of availability of P in the soil. In the second experiment, also was utilized four demonstration, that no received the application of phosphorous and inoculants. In the first experiment, the seeds was evaluated by germination tests, first counting of germination, accelerated aging, fresh weight of aerial part and root, dry weight of aerial part and root, velocity index of emergency and emergency percent of seedlings. In the second experiment, in the stage of initial of formation of strings (R3), were evaluated the text of phosphorous and nitrogen in the third trifoliate, the number of nodules, the height of plants, whole fresh weight of aerial part, root and nodules and specific foliar area. The results of first experiment showed that coated of seeds of lots of soy with phosphorous, in the adequate doses, promote the increase of germination, vigor by first counting, dry weight of aerial part and fresh and dry weight of root. In the test of accelerated aging occurred reduction of vigor of seeds of two lots to the measure that if increased the dose of phosphorous. The results, also showed that independently of the text of phosphorous in the seed, the coated of the seeds with sodium phosphate did not provide increase of plants of soy for soil condition with bigger available of phosphorous. Already in the soil condition with less available of phosphorous, the coated of seeds provided increase of nodulation and growth of soy plants.

ASSUNTO(S)

solo seeds sementes fósforo producao e beneficiamento de sementes soybean soja nódulos nitrogênio soil nodules nitrogen phosphorous

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