Efeito da fragmentação florestal sobre as comunidades de morcegos do Município de Blumenau, SC

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2006

RESUMO

The primary forests of the region of the Vale do Itajaí had been object of intense exploration for some decades, leaving as resulted the reduction of the forest covering and the fragmentation of the same one in remainders that today are presented in different sucessions stadiums. The fragmentation of habitat brings consequences on biodiversity, becoming the dynamics of the communities different of that foreseeing for continuous natural systems. The present study it aimed at to search the effect of the forest fragmentation on the communities of bats in remainders of Atlantic Forest of the city of Blumenau, SC with different degrees of conectivity. The study it was carried through in three forest fragments, that enclose part of the current landscape of Blumenau: Parque Natural Municipal Nascentes do Ribeirão Garcia (5.800ha), considered a big fragment; Parque Natural Municipal São Francisco de Assis (23ha); considered a fragment with conectivity and the Morro da Banana (20ha), considered a isolated fragment. Fifteen nets had been used during three consecutive nights for month, enclosing two complete seasons: summer of 2005 and spring of 2006. The nets had been seted 0,5m above of the ground in opened areas, tracks, bare places and interiors of forest. The captured specimens had been placed individually in cloth bags and after the identification had been untied in the same place. The following parameters for the communities analyzed had been: composition and abundance; constancy of the species; diversity and uniformity. To verify the similarity between the fragments the index of Sorensen was used. Six assessment was been in each fragment, got a total sample effort of 85.050 m2.h. For the three studied fragments had been captured 197 bats pertaining 15 species of two families: Phyllostomidae (11) and Vespertilionidae (4). Had been registered 14 species for the Parque das Nascentes, 9 for Parque São Francisco and 7 for the Morro da Banana. Five species had been common to the three fragments: Artibeus lituratus, Carollia perspicillata, Artibeus fimbriatus, Sturnira lilium, Eptesicus diminutus. Already, 5 species had been exclusive for the big fragment: Artibeus jamaicensis, Artibeus obscurus, Vampyressa pusilla, Eptesicus brasiliensis and Anoura geoffroy. The specie Glossophaga soricina was only registered at the urban fragments and low percentage (1,52%). Two species (Anoura caudifera and Pygoderma bilabiatum) had only occurred at the big fragment and in fragment with conectivity, being absent in fragment isolated. Artibeus lituratus was the species more frequently captured in all the fragments, being responsible for 54,31% of the total of captures. The index of diversity (H) gotten for the three fragments was of 1,66 nats/ind. The bigger index was for the Parque das Nascentes with 2,08 nats/ind. with uniformity of (e) 0,78, followed for the Parque São Francisco (H = 1,51; e = 0,69) and Morro da Banana (H = 1,01; e = 0,52). The similarity between the fragments was bigger between the Parque São Francisco and the Morro da Banana and minor enters the Parque das Nascentes and Morro da Banana. The present study it demonstrated that with the advance of the forest fragmentation of the city of Blumenau, can occur a simplification of the communities of bats, mainly in isolation conditions, placing in risk the stability, what it emphasizes the importance of the adoption of strategical measures for the preservation of the forest remnants of the city

ASSUNTO(S)

bats morcego; mata atlântica - blumenau (sc); diversidade biológica - blumenau (sc) mata atlântica, fragmentação florestal e morcegos. atlantic forest engenharias forest fragmentation

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