Efeito da fragmentação florestal sobre as comunidades de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares da Floresta Atlântica do extremo Sul da Bahia.

AUTOR(ES)

Lander de Jesus Alves

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2004

RESUMO

The process of forest fragmentation is one of the main desestructurant agents and of destruction of the natural ecosystems. For diminishing the biodiversity, fragmentation can affect negatively the productivity and the stability of the ecosystems, being their effects been appraised for several groups of organisms as vertebrates, artropods and plants. However, works that look for to verify the influence of this process on the biology of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are inexistent. In face of this gap of the knowledge, the present study was developed starting from the hypothesis that the process of forest fragmentation, in South Extreme of Bahia, would have influence on the diversity and the distribution of the AMF communities. Two landscape categories were analyzed: Continuous forest of Original Forest (CF) and Forest Fragment (FF). Eight sampling units were used, being four disposed in CF and four in FF. Each sampling unit corresponded to a 96m transect where eight soil samples were collected, in a total of sixty-four simple samples. Being used 100g of dry soil, the extraction of the spores of AMF was proceeded, which were mounted in permanent slide for subsequent counting and identification. Also the following parameters of the soil were measured: pH, organic matter level, capacity of retention of water, conductivity, exchangeable aluminum, exchangeable magnesium, exchangeable potassium and phosphorus. A total of 77,273 spores were recovered and 35 taxa of AMF were verified, being Glomus, the genus with higher number of species. The number of spores and of species observed were much higher than those observed in other studies of similar ecosystems. The comparison between the categories of landscapes indicates that the degree of disturbance of the forest fragmentation was not restrictive or harmful for AMF, since the communities of these organisms were more numerous, richer and more uniform, that the communities in the areas of the continuous forest. This way, the behavior of AMF, in response to the fragmentation, corroborates the hypothesis of the intermediate disturbance of Connell.

ASSUNTO(S)

south extreme of bahia fragmentação florestal forest fragmentation bahia micorriza arbuscular floresta atântica ecologia

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