Efeito da aplicaÃÃo de efluente do tratamento secundÃrio de Ãgua residuÃria da suinocultura na meso e macrofauna de solo cultivado com minimilho

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

Swine livestock is a common economic practice in the South of the country, including West of ParanÃ, generating a large amount of waste with high-polluting power. These are usually thrown on the ground as fertilizer, increasing soil fertility, leading to greater productivity of crops, although they may bring risks to the environment when improperly managed, as damage to soil fauna, which brings a lot of benefits to the soil. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the levels of tolerance of soil fauna through the application of different doses of wastewater from swine and mineral fertilizer, as well as its effects on the abundance and diversity of organisms represented by meso and macrofauna. Additionally, establish which groups of organisms can be used as indicators of soil quality, to refer to its contamination by this activity. The experiment was installed in October of 2008, at the Agricultural Engineering Experimental Center, where they were applied to the soil of 24 lysimeters cultivated with baby corn, four swine wastewater rates (0, 100, 200 and 300 m3 ha-1) and two levels of fertilization (0 to 100% of recommended). Fall traps were installed in each one of the lysimeters, which remained at the field for a week, with three collections made during the experiment. The organisms collected were classified at the level of order, except the ants and the mites, which were classified at the level of gender and suborder, respectively. It was observed that, in general, the rate of 200 m3 ha-1 favored the higher occurrence of organisms between the rates assessed, and the best responses were provided by ants and Collembola, indicators of environmental quality. The use of 300 m3 ha-1 led to reduction of most taxonomic groups found, including environmental quality indicators, suggesting the toxic effect of high rates of this effluent. The fauna was affected seasonally, suffering gradual decline as time passed from the application of swine wastewater, suggesting a temporal effect of SW on these organisms. The fertilization factor led to some quantitative changes in soil biota, although a fixed pattern of behavior has been observed. The highest abundance of species was observed with the addition of 200 m3 ha-1 SW, while the highest rates of Shanon-Wiener and Pielou were reported for the rate of 300 m3 ha-1.

ASSUNTO(S)

fauna edÃfica reuso de Ãgua biological indicators Ãgua residuÃria (suinocultura) water reuse soil fauna indicadores biolÃgicos engenharia agricola

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