Ecologia e conservação da quiropterofauna no corredor Cerrado-Pantanal

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2005

RESUMO

The Cerrado-Pantanal biological corridor has the goal of promote the effective conservation of the Cerrados and Pantanal biodiversity in an integrated way, insuring the maintenance of the natural interaction between the ecosystems of the two regions. The Cerrado-Pantanal biological corridor is composed primary by the anchor areas; Emas National Park (GO), Nascentes do Rio Taquari State Park (MS), Rio Negro Farm (MS), Pantanal Matogrossense National Park and Pantanal do Rio Negro State Park (MS). The studied area in this work is the corridor section composed by the Emas Nationals Park Cerrado up to the city of Coxim (MS), in an average total distance of 500 kilometers in a straight line. The objective of this work is to analyze the state of conservation of the bat fauna in the area of the Cerrado-Pantanal biological corridor. The specific goals are to identify the differences in abundance, richness and species compositions of bats in the various fragments in the Cerrado-Pantanal corridor. A total of ten fragments of native vegetation thru the corridor were sampled during the rainy season. Fragments of different sizes were sampled going from 400 hectars to 135 000 hectars. The bats were captured using mist nets with 12 meters of length and 2,5 meters of height that remained open thru the first half of the night Five environmental variables were analyzed for each fragment to explain the differences in richness and species composition: area, heterogeneity, distance from the center of the fragment to the Emas National Park, presence of rock formations, environment of the surrounding matrix and level of human disturbance in the area. An spread sheet with information about the abundance and species richness in each fragment, feeding guild, average weight, latitudinal distribution, type of reproduction (monoestrous or polyestrous), and number of various shelters used by each bat species. 1183 individuals from 37 species belonging to six types of feeding guilds distributed among seven families were captured: Emballonuridae, Molossidae, Mormoopidae, Natalidae, Noctilionidae, Phyllostomidae and Vespertilionidae. The sampled fragments varied in term of abundance. From the total of 37 species found in the sampled fragments, 12 species can be considered abundant, being that the most frequent were (in decreasing order) Carollia perspicillata, Artibeus planirostris, Platyrrhynus lineatus, Glossophaga soricina and Artibeus lituratus. The rarest species, the ones with one to ten individuals captured, were 19. The results suggests that the Vista Bonita fragment, Saramandaia, Serra de Coxim and Emas National Park are the most important for the maintenance of the Cerrado-Pantanal corridor, due to their high diversity, representativity and by presenting species not found in the Emas National Park. The most important characteristics that influenced the species richness among the areas were mainly the size of the fragments and the quality of the surrounding areas.

ASSUNTO(S)

morcegos zoologia ecologia corredor biológico cerrado-pantanal

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