Dynamics of gaps / Dinamica de clareiras : comportamento de especies pioneiras e fatores que afetam sua colonização

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2005

RESUMO

The Mata Santa Genebra (22°49?45?S 47°06?33?W) is an isolated fragment of the Atlantic Forest. Due to the constant formation of gaps in the interior of the forest it becomes of fundamental importance the knowledge of the dynamics of these gaps for the preservation of the forest. The objectives of this paper were to record and analyze factors which could limit the presence of pioneer species in the gaps. Then, climatic data such as solar irradiance, red: far-red ratio, air and soil temperatures and humidity were recorded during the dry and rainy season, beside pluviometric precipitation. Data were also recorded on seed bank, seed rain, seed germination, recruitment, growth and survival of pioneer species planted in gaps of the Mata Santa Genebra. Three gaps were studied with areas approximately of 82m², 186m² and 660m². Some observed data were very closed in the three gaps. In the three gaps 49 species were identified from 23 families. From that, 21 species were present in the recruitment, 35 in the seed bank and 36 in the seed rain. The most representative families were Asteraceae (27%) and Poaceae (14%). From the 49 identified species 49% were native, 27% were weed, 2% were exotic and 22% unclassified. Herbs were predominant (49%), followed by trees (20%), shrubs (12%) and lianas (6%). The dispersion of 43% of species was by anemocory, 24% by zoocory and 12% by autocory and 21% unclassified. There is a stage of gap regeneration in Tropical Forest where lianas are predominant and remain for many years as a low dense canopy. The rarity of trees in these gaps is probably due to the fast proliferation of lianas that besides reducing growth of other plants increases mortality of trees. The management of lianas in the gaps needs to be made very cautiously. Although their presence causes drastic reduction in the species diversity in the gaps, their presence is of fundamental importance to survival and ecological equilibrium of animals which live in the forest. In this paper some intervention was done in the gaps, in relation to bare soil by moving aside herbs and lianas. Planting local native species accelerates the recovery of gaps and do not require much attention when done during rainy season

ASSUNTO(S)

plant propagation bancos de sementes especies plantas - propagação species seed bank sementes seeds

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