Doenças respiratórias e fatores associados: Inquérito de Saúde no Município de São Paulo ISA-CAPITAL 2008 / Respiratory diseases and risk factors: Health survey in São Paulo ISA-CAPITAL 2008

AUTOR(ES)
FONTE

IBICT - Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

26/08/2011

RESUMO

Introduction - Respiratory diseases - asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), allergic rhinitis, sinusitis and acute bronchitis - are among the leading causes of morbidity, mortality and financial burden for the population and the health system in Brazil and worldwide. Objective - To assess the prevalence of and the risk factors for respiratory diseases in São Paulo City, 2008-2009. Methods - A population based cross-sectional study, using data from the São Paulo City Health Survey 2008 (ISA-Capital 2008), conducted in this city along 2008 and 2009, with total sample of 3271 people of both sex. A two stage cluster sampling stratified by sex and age was used. Descriptive statistics were produced and associations were investigated through chi-square tests and prevalence ratios with 95 per cent confidence intervals. Multiple Poisson regression allowed adjustment of effect estimates. Results - The estimated prevalence of asthma was 9.1 per cent (95 per centCI: 7.0-11.7 per cent), COPD 4.2 per cent (95 per centCI: 3.1-5.4 per cent), acute bronchitis 7.3 per cent (95 per centCI: 5.5-9.8 per cent), rhinitis 22.6 per cent (95 per centCI: 19.3-26.2 per cent), and sinusitis 15.3 per cent (95 per centCI: 12.6-18.5 per cent). After adjustment, the following were identified as risk factor to asthma: age, allergy, rhinitis, health problems in the preceding fortnight, homes with few rooms and black and mixed individuals; to COPD: number of cigarettes smoked in life, easily weary, age, health problems in the preceding fortnight and free-time physical activity; to acute bronchitis: age, allergy, black and mixed individuals and homes with few rooms; to rhinitis: allergy, asthma, age and living in flats; and to sinusitis: allergic, age and obesity. Conclusions - The findings of this study indicate the importance of the integrated approach to asthma, rhinitis and allergies, considering the concept of air only, and seek preventive and treatment options that work in a systematic way with respect to these conditions, when present simultaneously. One must consider the age group that has a higher prevalence of asthma, between 5 to 9 years, and black and mixed individuals, and also consider homes with few rooms, because of household crowding and the low standard of housing; for COPD, considering the trend of its increase due to increasing longevity, the need for early diagnosis and educational approach to smoking cessation and physical activity are extremely important for quality of life related to health of these individuals and reducing the economic impact of disease to the health system; factors associated with acute bronchitis were the presence of allergy, black and mixed individuals and those who lived in homes with fewer rooms; rhinitis was associated with asthma and lived in an apartment; and sinusitis was associated with allergies and obesity

ASSUNTO(S)

acute bronchitis allergic rhinitis asma asthma bronquite aguda chronic obstructive pulmonary disease cross-sectional studies doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica epidemiologia epidemiology estudos transversais fatores associados health surveys inquéritos de saúde rinite alérgica risk factors sinusite sinusitis

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