Dioxide carbon emission from different soil tillage in the sugarcane plantation / Emissão de dióxido de carbono após diferentes sistemas de preparo do solo na cultura da cana-de-açúcar

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2010

RESUMO

The annual emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), considered the greenhouse gas (GHG) more important, increased around 80% between 1970 and 2004. This increment mainly due to the use of fossil fuels, and agriculture as emissions from land use change. Land use management is an important tool to GHG emissions decrease. Agricultural soils can be a source or reservoir of greenhouse gases balance. The CO2 emission from the soil is considered the second largest component of the global carbon cycle by being relevant in climate variations. Traditional soil tillage and other land use management may influence on CO2 emissions, since it accelerates the mineralization of soil organic carbon. This study aimed to quantify the CO2 from different tillage systems used in cane sugar and, to evaluate the influence of the trash soil incorporation in the CO2 emission processes. The study was conducted at Iracema sugarcane mill area (Municipality of Iracemápolis-SP). The soil was an Oxisol; and the harvesting was mechanized, sugarcane unburned field. The tillage systems evaluated were: conventional tillage (CT), minimum tillage (MT); Iracema tillage (IT.) Additionally, it was evaluated a area without disturbance in which was left as control (NT). The results indicate significant interaction (p <0.001) between tillage, trash and time after tillage, it is suggesting that the time after preparation is important when we evaluate the effect of tillage on CO2 emissions. Increases in the CO2 flux were observed when it was done tillage operations and rainfall events. The accumulated CO2 emission across the study period in the tillage system with trash on soil were higher in CT, in order of 881.6 g m2 of CO2, 34% higher than the value found in the IT (583.2 g m-2) and 39% higher than found in PM (537 g m-2). However, when the trash were removed it was observed that the issuance of CT was higher (p <0.05) found in the MT system and NT, but differed from that observed in the IT. By comparing the accumulated emission found in the CT with the value of NT it was found that 238 g m-2 were issued to the atmosphere from the tillage operations performed; amount equivalent to 649 kg ha-1 C-CO2 or 0,68% C stock in soil to a depth of 30 cm. The IT system caused CO2 emission of 133.7 g m-2 (364.6 kg ha-1 C-CO2 or 0.38% of C stock in the layer 0-30 cm). The incorporation of trash in the CT generated increase in CO2 emissions of 162 g m-2, equivalent to 441.8 kg ha-1 C-CO2 or 7.8% of the total C associated with trash from sugar cane.

ASSUNTO(S)

emission efeito estufa dióxido de carbono - emissão cana-de-açúcar preparo do solo. sugarcane. carbon dioxide tillage

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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