Dinâmica de obtenção e consumo de plantas alimentares ao longo do tempo em uma Aldeia Guarani, e sua relação com a saúde na percepção indígena, São Paulo, Brasil. / Dynamic collection and consuption of food plants over time in a Guarani Village, and its relation to health perception in Indigenous, São Paulo, Brazil.

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2010

RESUMO

The food has suffered a series of changes both in the form of taking, the food preparation. This process affects the indigenous communities, and brings as a consequence, nutritional deficiencies and cultural changes. Many cultures do not distinguish between food and medicine. In Brazil, several studies focusing on the biological activity of the plants have been developed in recent decades. This study aimed to register the change food over time, reported by respondents from village Guarani Tenondé Porã, and to observe their perceptions regarding this change and its influence on health. We used techniques and methods of ethnography and field diaries, informal interviews, unstructured and participant observation. We interviewed 15 Indians who reported changes in the way of obtaining food, which led to replacements, and even abandonment of some plant specimens, and the incorporation of new foods and changes in revenue. Some plants maintained its use, especially those used in ritual contexts. Its chronic use as well as the health benefits they advertise, including the prevention or treatment of diseases, suggesting their equivalence to food nutraceuticals. Corn (Zea mays L. ssp.), Tobacco (Nicotiana spp. L.) and yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis St. Hil.) Are some examples and were highlighted in the study because they are considered by the natives as food, for both the body and the soul, the most important in this village. The diseases are also divided into those of body and soul by indigenous people. According to reports of the natives, both types of diseases have increased its frequency over time due to several factors, always linked to the abandonment of certain traditions of the Guarani people, such as changing food, which involves both the loss as the insertion of use new food and change in the way of preparation, lack of obedience to Nhanderu ("God" in Guarani) and finally, lack of adequate space for daily activities as farming and hunting, you end up promoting a sedentary lifestyle.

ASSUNTO(S)

etnobotânica plantas alimentares psicofarmacologia índios sul-americanos psicobiologia indians guarani ilex paraguariensis zea mays nicotiana spp. food

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