"Developments of carbn-dispersed electrocatalysts for cathodes of alkaline fuel cells" / "Desenvolvimento de eletrocatalisadores dispersos para o cátodo de células a combustível alcalinas"

AUTOR(ES)

Fabio Henrique Barros de Lima

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2006

RESUMO

The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) was studied on electrodes formed by Pt monolayers deposited on different metallic substrates, and on carbon-supported electrocatalysts composed by PtM/C (M = V, Cr e Co) and AgPt/C alloys, and on different Mn oxides (Mn3O4/C, Mn2O3/C and MnO2/C) in alkaline electrolyte. The experimentally measured electrocatalytic activities of the different metal catalysts and of the Pt monolayers were plotted against the metal d-band center values (_d). In all cases, the electronic features of the metal electrocatalysts were used for understanding the catalytic activities, and trying to establish the electronic/ORR kinetics relationship. The XANES results for the PtM/C alloys at high electrode potentials have shown lower vacancy of the Pt 5d band compared to pure Pt/C, indicating lower Pt reactivity for adsorbates. The enhanced catalytic activity of Pt in the alloys was attributed to a faster electroreduction of oxygenated intermediates. For the AgPt/C alloys, the XANES results have shown a emptying of the Ag orbitals due to a charge transfer to Pt, and the increased activity of the Ag atoms was ascribed to an electronic effect induced by the presence of Pt, increasing the Ag-O adsorption strength For the manganese oxide materials, the XANES results indicated a chance of the Mn oxidation state as a function of the electrode potential, and higher electrocatalytic activity was observed for MnO2/C. This was explained based on the activation for the ORR, which is higher for the material with higher MnO2 contents and the occurrence of a mediation processes involving the reduction of Mn(IV) to Mn(III), followed by the electron transfer of Mn(III) to oxygen.

ASSUNTO(S)

fuel cells eletrocatálise redução de oxigênio electrocatalysis células a combustível oxygen reduction

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