Determination of dysphagia risk degree in pretem newborns assisted in neonatal intensive care unit / Determinação do grau de risco da disfagia em recem-nascidos pre termo atentidos em unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

Objectives - Determine the dysphagia risk degree in preterm newborns (PTNB) hospitalized in neonatal units and correlate the dysphagia risk degree found with maternal risk habits and diseases. Methods - PTNB with gestational age (GA) between 24 and 36 weeks, hospitalized in the high and medium risk nurseries of the NICU of the Maternity Hospital of Campinas, SP and with a request for a speech therapist evaluation were included in the study, regardless of their birth weight, with and without clinical intercurrence, that presented suction deglutition and breathing difficulty, and that they had already begun orally feeding. The feeding evaluation instrument proposed by Hernandez was used for determination of the dysphagia risk degree of the babys. The evaluation scale domains (at rest, under manipulation, feeding and after feeding) were compared and correlated with maternal risk habits and diseases. For domain comparison purposes, the non-parametric test of Mann-Whitney was used. The coefficient of correlation of Pearson was used to verify the existence of correlation (lineal association) among the variables. The significance level adopted for the statistical tests it was 5%, p ? 0,05. Results - 90 PTNB were evaluated, 43 of the female sex and 47 of the male sex, with GA between 24 and 36 weeks. Seventy of the NB were adequate for gestational age (AGA), 18 were small for gestational age (SGA) and two were big for gestational age (BGA). Regarding dysphagia risk degree, 30 of the preterm newborns presented a severe degree (33%), 60 presented a medium degree (67%) and none of the evaluated preterm presented good feeding function. Positive correlation occurred between the under manipulation and rest domains, and under manipulation and feeding. There were no significant differences between the domains regarding drug use and maternal diseases. Conclusions - The presence of dysphagia risk of medium and severe degree demonstrates great immaturity in the suction deglutition and breathing process in the group of evaluated RNPTs. There was no interference of maternal risk habits and diseases with the dysphagia risk degree for studied population. The better the evaluation of the PT under manipulation, the better the at rest and feeding performance. Precocious intervention of the speech therapist team is obligatory in the Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU), with the objective of minimizing the risks of associated clinical intercurrence and to establish, as fast as possible, the integrity of the feeding process

ASSUNTO(S)

dysphagia prematuros recem-nascidos infants (newborn) disfagia alimentação premature feeding

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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