Detecção do DNA do Poliomavírus Humano JC em amostras de líquido cefalorraquidiano de pacientes com AIDS e lesões não expansivas de substância branca do sistema nervoso central / Detection of human polyomavirus JC in cerebrospinal fluid samples from aids patients with non-expansive focal lesions of CNS white matter

AUTOR(ES)

Maria Cristina Domingues da Silva Fink

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2004

RESUMO

Focal neurological diseases in aids patients can be caused by a range of opportunistic pathogens such as Toxoplasma gondii, EBV-associated primary CNS lymphomas, viral encephalitis (CMV, HSV, VZV) and JC virus causing the progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). In the present study, we evaluated the detection of JC virus DNA in CSF samples from aids patients with white matter non-expansive lesions of CNS by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and characterize this finding in relation to the number of TCD4+, age, gender, and other etiological diagnosis. The primers used to amplify the T antigen region of JC virus resulted in a fragment of 173 base pairs. Since JC virus harbor a BAM H1 restriction site in this region, digestion of the PCR product with the enzyme resulted in two fragments of 120 and 53 base pairs, characteristic of JC virus. To estimate the sensitivity of the assay, the 173 bp fragment obtained from one of the samples was inserted into a plasmid and the recombinant quantified by spectrophotometry. The sensitivity of the PCR was 200 copies / µL. The specificity of the assay was evaluated in CSF samples from patients with and without aids and other neurological conditions, not suggestive of PML. The PCR resulted negative in 119 of the 120 CSF samples tested showing a specificity of 99,17%. In 56 CSF samples from patients with neurological symptoms and radiological signs of PML, JC virus was detected in 27 (48.2%) by PCR. In 23 of the remaining 29 patients (79.3%) other neurological conditions were diagnosed: T. gondii encephalitis (9 cases), HIV encephalitis (5 cases), tuberculosis (3 cases) and other diagnosis (8 cases). In six patients no neurological disease diagnosis could be established. In the group of patients characterized as JC virus-DNA positive the mean number of TCD4+ was significantly lower as compared to the JC virus-DNA negative patients. No statistical difference was seen in relation to gender or age distribution between the two groups. The results of the present study demonstrated a high prevalence of JC virus DNA (48,2%) in patients with clinical and radiological signs of PML. We concluded that the polymerase chain reaction for JC-virus DNA detection can represent an advance in the diagnosis of PML. aids patients with non-expansive focal lesions of CNS white matter and JC virus-DNA negative by PCR probably have other treatable neurological conditions that must be extensively investigated.

ASSUNTO(S)

leukoencephalopathy progressive multifocal/diagnosis polyomavirus hominis 2 polyomavirus hominis 2 leucoencefalopatia multifocal progressiva/diagnóstico leucoencefalopatia multifocal progressiva/líquido céfalo-raquidiano cross-sectional studies estudos transversais

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