Desenvolvimento de um programa para geração de mapas de curvas residuais e aplicação a processos de destilação azeotropica e extrativa

AUTOR(ES)

Miria Hespanhol Miranda Reis

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2002

RESUMO

Despite the development of new separation processes, the predominant unit operation used in chemical industries is, still, distillation, especially for large-scale separation of non-ideal mixtures. Many papers have dedicated special attention to the study of azeotropic mixtures, looking for the development of design and synthesis tools. Residue curve maps play an important role in the interpretation of the behavior and feasibility of homogeneous and/or heterogeneous azeotropic distillation columns. The main objectives of this work are to develop a software for building up the residue curve maps analytically and to analyze simulations and optimizations of systems of interest, using information from these maps. The program is written in FORTRAN 90 language and the software HYSYS is used to realize the computer process simulations and optimizations. The results concider homogeneous azeotropic systems (ethanol- water-ethyleneglycol, ethanol- watertetraethyleneglycol and ethanol- water- acetone) and heterogeneous systems (phenol- water- toluene). In order to be possible to use extractive distillation process, the map of residual curves of the mixture must not have distillation boundaries. The map of residual curves of the mixture ethanol- water- tetraethyleneglycol is in accordance with such definition, confirming the potential of tetraethyleneglycol as a solvent in the separation of the mixture ethanol-water. The residue curve map of the mixture ethanol- water-acetone presents a distillation boundary, in such a way that a process of extractive distillation is not aplicable. However, due to the sensitivity of this boundary to swing-pressure, the separation of the mixture using two columns operating in different pressures is proposed. In a heterogeneous system, the liquid splitting is used to cross the distillation boundary. Finally, the previous analysis of the residue curve maps of a system is very important, facilitating the simulation of the process.

ASSUNTO(S)

diagramas de fase equilibrio liquido-liquido destilação equilibrio liquido-vapor azeotropo

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