Desenvolvimento de métodos para determinações elementares em cimentos por espectrometria de absorção atômica com forno de grafite e amostragem direta de sólidos / Development of methods for elemental determination in cements by atomic absorption spectrometry with graphite furnace and direct solid sampling

Danielle Polidorio Intima

The objective of this work was the development of analytical methods for the determination of Cd, Pb, Cu, Ni, Co, Cr e Mn in Portland cement by solid sampling graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. It was not necessary any pretreatment of the samples, because the particles size (12 µm) were apropriated for direct solid analysis. The heating programs were optimized by thermal evaluation of each element (pyrolysis and atomization curves), using chemical and matrix modifiers and comparison of the calibration curves obtained in presence of aqueous solutions and solid samples. All determinations of the elements were performed against aqueous calibration curves. Due to the high concentration in the samples, for Cu, Ni, Co, Cr e Mn determinations were necessary 3-field Zeeman background correction, improving the representativity. Using this condition, it was possible weight aliquots of samples up to 200 µg. The best condition for Cd and Pb determinations was 5 µg of Pd in 0.1% m v-1 de Triton X-100 as chemical modifier. The pyrolysis and atomization temperatures were 600°C and 2000°C for Cd and 900°C and 2100°C for Pb, respectively. The determinations of Cu e Ni were possible without chemical modifier. The pyrolysis and atomization temperatures were 1200°C and 2600°C, respectively, for both elements. For the determinations of Co, Cr e Mn were used a matrix modifier (Na2CO3 + ZnO) for the in situ fusion, during the heating program. In this condition, the pyrolysis and atomization temperatures were 1400°C and 2600°C, respectively, for all elements. The detection limits (3σ) for the direct determination of Portland cement were 0.011 µg g-1 for Cd, 0.28 µg g-1 for Pb, 0.25 µg g-1 for Cu, 0.24 µg g-1 for Ni, 0.11 µg g-1 for Co, 1.1 µg g-1 for Cr and 1.97 µg g-1 for Mn. The characteristic concentrations were 0.0098 µg g-1 for Cd, 0.21 µg g-1 for Pb, 0.17 µg g-1 for Cu, 0.24 µg g-1 for Ni, 0.068 µg g-1 for Co, 0.62 µg g-1 for Cr and 0,14 µg g-1 for Mn. The accuracy of the methods was evaluated by reference materials of Portland cement (NIST 1886a and 1889a) and marine sediments (NBCC MESS-1 and NBCC BCSS-1) analysis. All results are in good agreement with the recommended concentration at 95 % (t-Student test) as confidence level.

AUTOR(ES)

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

RESUMO

ASSUNTO(S)

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

Documentos Relacionados