Demandas de atenção no ambiente de trabalho do enfermeiro : analise da confiabilidade de um instrumento

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2004

RESUMO

The nature of a nurse s work requires multiples attentional demands. These demands are resulting frem the complexity of the care given, the work setting itself and the demand originated from both the patients and the health institution. The exposure of the nurse to these demands may lead to attention fatigue which is defined as by the decrease in the ability to direct attention. This may interfere in the nurse capability to acquire new knowledge and plan the assistance. The present study aims: a) to evaluate the reliability and validity of the "Directed Attention Demands" instrument which were applied of assisting nurses samples; b) to identify the situations demanding attention of these nurses as well as their perceptions in relation to the way they adapt to the work environment. In order to collect the data, the "Directed Attention Demands" instrument was used which contains 39 items that approaches a nurse s daily practical situations grouped in three domains: Psychological, Behavioral and Physical Environment. A total of 158 nurses from two hospitais in São Paulo City (Brazil) took part of the study. The analysis of the instrument reliability resulted in high internal consistence considering the total of items the instrument has (a=0.91) and its domains: Psychological (a=0.79), Behavioral (a=0.82) and Physical Environment (a=0.83). The main attentional demands reported by the nurses were: "to observe a patient suffering; to make several quick decisions; to take care of families with emotional needs and provide them with directions" and "Iack of sufficent time to give support a patienf. Regarding the validity of the instrument, the factor analysis showed that despite the adequacy measurement of the sample having been statistically significant (MAS=0.82), the criterion used to select the factors with eing~:mvalue higher than one explained 40% of total variance of those factors, which proved to be similar data to the ones in previous studies. The analysis of the confirmatory factor showed that none of the adjustment adequacy criteria presented acceptable values for the theoretical model proposed. However, through the factors load estimation, it was possible to observe that ali the values were significant which indicates that the items suggested in the domains adjusted well. These data have relevant importance for those who manage and direct the nurses tasks, allowing them to adopt strategies which will minimize or reduce such demands on the nurses

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