Definição de áreas prioritárias para conservação e preservação florestal por meio da abordagem multicriterial em ambiente SIG. / Definition of priority areas for forest conservation and preservation using multicriterial evaluation with GIS.

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2005

RESUMO

The forest fragmentation of the Corumbataí River Basin, SP (Brazil) is a consequence an unplanned process of soil occupation and use. The purpose of this study was to define priority areas for forest conservation and preservation in that river basin, aiming at improve the regional biodiversity. Multicriteria evaluation with Ordered Weighted Average was used to aggregate factors (characteristics of landscapes). Factors considered important were: proximity to forest patches; proximity to forest with larger core area; proximity to water; distance to roads; distance to urban areas; and vulnerability to erosion. In order to produce these factors it was necessary the layers: land use/land cover; forest patches; core area of forest patches; streams; urban areas; roads; slope; and erodibility. In the definition of the factors, the factors importance weights (define the importance of each factor in the process) and constraints, the Participatory Technique and the Hierarchical Analytic Process were used. In the determination of the factors order weights (controls the manner in which the weighted factors are aggregate) its was considered the risk-taking. Maps were produced with low, medium, and high risk. These maps were reclassified in order to show only five levels of priority (very low, low, medium, high, very high), and the final map in seven levels of priority. The sensitivity analysis was employed to identify the importance and the influence of factors (only to the selected priority map with adequate risk-taking). According to this analysis the best alternative was the priority map without proximity to water, that showed high risk (R = 0.40) and 78% of trade-off among the factors. The order weights of this final map promoted the definition of priority areas, according to the objective of this project. Finally, it is concluded that the multicriteria evaluation with Ordered Weighted Average is efficient to determine priority areas to forest conservation and preservation; and the process presents robustness.

ASSUNTO(S)

biodiversidade watershed biodiversity corumbataí geoprocessamento bacia hidrográfica ecologia de paisagem geographical information system sistema de informação geográfica environment protection proteção ambiental remote sensing landscape ecology sensoriamento remoto geoprocessing corumbataí-rio

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