Culturas infantis : crianças brincando na rua e em uma pré-escola na cidade da Praia (Cabo Verde) / Peer culture in the early years : children playing on the street and at a preschool in Praia city (Cabo Verde)

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2010

RESUMO

The purpose of this ethnographic study is to observe and reflect on the games that are played by children in the streets, as well as those played in a kindergarten in Praia, capital city of Cape Verde, Africa. The pertinence of this study is based on the group of academic productions that criticize the colonialism that has been carried out in Brazil, and around the world, related to childhood and children, young or older, based on theoretical references of Sociology of Childhood in the continuous search to identify the children as right-holders, who produce culture and who play a leading role in social, historical, and cultural construction. This survey has included children of different ages, especially those between zero and six years old. The methodological procedures adopted for the analysis are: written documents such as poems and literary texts, in order to understand Cape Verdean childhood from the several social representations; interviews (oral history) with Cape Verdean women and men about their childhood; observations in the street and in a kindergarten, written down in the notebook; and pictures and films. Throughout the survey, it was possible to observe that the streets are also an educational place where children of different ages can interact, reproduce, create, imitate, and produce childhood cultures. These actions cross mutually with original belonging - mother tongue (cape Verdean creole), music, gastronomy, dance, geographical context, and other re-significant artefacts where new things meets the legacy of past generations. Therefore, it is possible to verify that childhood cultures denote an interbreeding in the different ways that girls and boys catch hold of the universally known repertories of toys and plays. The street becomes a privileged place for young children socialization in Cape Verde, even participating or not, a place of games and plays, a place to interact with the partners, older children and adults, and also alone. The presence of children under six (babies) has confirmed the initial hypothesis: that they would be in the streets, even carried by someone else. According to the survey, the street is a place of resistance for those small ones that sometimes are excluded by older children due to their age, height, or physical skill. However this does not stop them from enjoying this space. With regard to kindergarten, the survey has proved that, in relation to children between four and five years old, the culture is revealed in the construction of actions with shared meanings, even when controlled by adults, revealing the coexistence of relations of power, conflicts, and solidarity between the partners in their reproduction and creation. To sum up, from this study in Africa, it is possible to confirm and agree with the surveys carried out in other continents that it is in the production of childhood cultures that the kids, and with the adults, create and show their interpretation of the society that surround them. Ruzumu: Kel studu itinografiku li, djobi ozerba y rafleti brinkaderas di mininus na rúa y n’un járdin di mininus na sidadi di Práia, kapital di Kabu Verdi – Afrika. Kel studu e’nportánti, djuntu k’otus ki ta kritika kolonialismu, ki stá fazedu na Brazil y otus kabu sobri nfansia y mininus, pikinóti ku grándi, finkadu na Susiologia di Nfansia, ta buska mostra mininus sima algén di diretu ki ta fazi kultura y ta partisipa na kunstruson susial, di stória y di kultura. N’es piskiza staba mininus di txeu idadi, ku distaki na kês más pikinóti. Pa kelá uzadu algun prusidimentu métudolojiku: puema y téxtu ku obijetivu di ntendi nfansia kauberdianu dentu di si riprizentason; ntrivista (stória oral) d’ómis y mudjeris sóbri sis mininésa; ozerbason na rúa y n’un járdin di mininus, pa pódi rajista na kadernu di kampu; y fotu ku filmaji. Kel nvistigason li mostra ma rúa e’ un kabu d’idukason, pundi mininus di kalker idadi ta rapruduzi, inventa, imita y fazi sis kultura. Pa fazi tudu es kuza, es ka ta poi di ladu sis lingua (kriolu kauberdianu), múzika, kumida, dansa, lugar y obijetu ki es ta da otu siginifikadu. Ku kelí t’odjadu ma kultura ki mininus ta fazi ten mustura di brinkadera y brinkedu konxedu n’otus kabu. Rúa e’ di kês kabu ki mininus pikinóti na Kabu Verdi ta prendi, s’es partisipa o nau na djogu ku brinkadera ku kolegas, minis grándi y algen grándi, y es sô. Ipotizi ma ta atxada mininus pikinóti, ki ten menus di sais ánu, na rua ta krinka kaba pa konfirma. Rúa, podi flá, ma e’ un kabu di razistensia pa mininus pikinóti, ki mésmu kês ka dexa-s brinka pamodi sis idadi, tamanhu o forsa, es ta kontinua na rúa. Na járdin di nfansia piskiza ta mostra ma mininus di kuátu ku sinku ánu ta fazi kultura ku siginifikadu ki es ta dividi entri es, mésmu ki algen grándi stá ta kontrola-s, es ta mostra ma na kuza k’es ta fazi ta atxadu rilason di puder, di prublemas y di djunta-mon. Purtántu, ta partidu di kel studu li ki fazedu na Afrika, ki ta kondorda ku kes otus ki fazedu na otus kontinenti pa flá ma oras ki mininus ta brinka, fazi sis kultura es ku es, y ku algen grándi es ta mostra sis manera d’odja susiedadi ki es ta vivi.

ASSUNTO(S)

brincadeiras jardim de infancia infancia lingua crioulo - cabo verde africa - línguas play kindergarten childhood criolo language África

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