Correntes ancestrais: os pretos-velhos do Rosário / Ancestral chains: the pretos-velhos of the Rosario

AUTOR(ES)
FONTE

IBICT - Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

11/05/2011

RESUMO

Complex and abundant in its possibilities of conformation, umbanda trance has its borders established for some types of characters displaced from the historical experience and collective memory of Brazil. These categories organize sayings from their own enunciative perspectives, symbolically articulated positions potentially able to produce certain meanings. Meanwhile, the preto-velho (old black man) emerges as a prominent spiritual entity, a recurrent presence in the context of the African-Brazilian religiousness, especially umbanda. In concert with the renewed scientific interest about the subject in recent decades, this essay aims to investigate the symbolic universe of the spiritual category preto-velho, as well as to disclose the meanings and the scope of its ritual and ethnopsychological uses in umbanda religiousness. Therefore, a fieldwork was developed in four terreiros (umbandas temples) in the region of Ribeirão Preto. One of them, the Terreiro of Umbanda Pai José do Rosario, was chosen as a model case to display the results and analysis. The phenomenon approach, in this fieldwork, was conducted via participant listening, a refinement of the participant observation method designed by the contribution of lacanian psychoanalytic listening which, taken as a heuristic tool, permits tenuous meanings hidden in the rituals and narratives of the subjects related to the possession to be retrieved and accessed. In addition, semi-structured interviews were made with mediums both disembodied and embodied by their pretos-velhos. Data analysis was done based on lacanian psychoanalysis, especially regarding to the notion of a semiotic and socially structured unconscious, in order to recover the historical and collective dimensions of the subject based on their acts performed facing a transferentially implicated researcher. Entities that mobilize a vast repertoire of symbols whose potential embraces multiple semantic outspreadings, the pretos-velhos revealed themselves as complex entities, capable of assuming several different conformations based on their essential references as \"slaves\" and \"ancestors\". Ethnopsychologically, the preto-velho showed themselves up fundamentally as \"mediators\" and \"integrators\" spirits, supporting articulations and diachronic processes of significance between \"past\" and \"present\"; \"life\" and \"death\"; \"adolescence\" and \"adulthood \"; \"emotion and \"reason\"; \"body \" and \"spirit\"; \"action \" and \"consequence\". Concisely, the pretos-velhos are, in the level of the umbanda followers religious experiences, the clearest manifestation of what in psychoanalysis implies the process of taking the Other\ s desire as its own desire, characteristic of the conciliation of the human being with his own unconscious, embodied in an affiliation and belonging traces contained in the tradition and culture of their \"people\". It summons the individual, ultimately, to take his inalienable, since founding, rights and duties as a link of an ancestral chain.

ASSUNTO(S)

alteridade ethnopsychology etnopsicologia otherness. preto-velho preto-velho umbanda umbanda

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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