Controle avançado de um reator quimico de leito fixo : aplicação para oxidação do etanol a acetaldeido

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2001

RESUMO

The use of fixed bed catalytic reactors in the chemical industry, and the necessity of controlling and optimizing these reactors, have motivated the studies of dynamic models and control techniques, such as the use of Feedback-Feedforward controllers, working simultaneously. In practice, several feedforward control systems are implemented using ratio control systems. The feedforward controller controls the big and fi equent perturbations and the feedback controller controls any deviation that occurs in the process due to the feedforward controller imprecision, or other non-measurable perturbations, such as internal modifications due to catalyst deactivation. The first "Feedback-Feedforward" controIler design was done using a 2nd order empirical model obtained fi om a factorial design that produced offsets in the controIled variable, but good predictability for the manipulated variable. The development of a new Statistical-PID controIler was suggested, to eliminate the problems of the first and take advantage of the predictability of the empirical model through a dynamic model using the PID controllaw in the algorithm. In this way, a better performance was obtained when compared only to the conventional controIler oftype PID. The control and manipulated variables were chosen through an analysis of the dynamic behavior of the reactor in open loop, which permits the maintenance or a new desired steady state. Statistical techniques, such as factorial planning experiments, were used for the analysis ofthese variables in order to obtain their effects and interactions. As case study, the oxidation of ethanol into acetaldehyde over Fe-Mo catalyst wiIl be considered. The dynamic behavior of the fixed bed catalytic reactor will be described by the model proposed by Maciel Filho, 1989. The solution method consists in the application ofthe Line Method, using the orthogonal collocation (Villadsen &Michelsen, 1978) in the radial direction with the fourth order Runge-Kutta in the axial direction

ASSUNTO(S)

reatores quimicos - controle automatico

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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