Contribuição para o controle da Leishmaniose Visceral: atividade inseticida de plantas sobre Lutzomyia longipalpis (LUTZ E NEIVA, 1912). / Contribution to the Visceral Leishmaniasis Control: Insecticidal activity of plants on Lutzomyia longipalpis (Lutz and Neiva, 1912).

AUTOR(ES)
FONTE

IBICT - Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

16/07/2009

RESUMO

Visceral leishmaniasis is currently a public health and urban health problem. Lu. longipalpis is the most important visceral leishmaniasis vector in the Americas, and is certainly the only sand fly species that meets all the established criteria for vectorial competence, highlighting those that are considered essential, like anthropophilia, spatial distribution coinciding with human cases of the disease, and natural infection by Leishmania (L.) infantum chagasi. Mathematical models of the three methods of control suggest that insecticide spraying and dog vaccination are better solutions to the problem than the destruction of serologically positive dogs. In this work, the effects of Eucalyptus staigeriana, Eucalyptus citriodora, Eucalyptus globules, Coriandrum sativum, Azadirachta indica and Lippia sidoides oils were evaluated on egg, larva and adult phases of Lu. longipalpis. The insects were collected in the municipality of Sobral in the State of Ceará, Brazil. Five treatments with different concentrations were performed along with three negative controls, distilled water and dimethylsulfoxide (3%)/Tween 80 (3%), and a positive control, cypermethrin (0.196 mg/ml). The tests were carried out in plastic pots internally coated with sterile plaster and filled with a substrate made of rabbit feces and crushed cassava leaves. The eggs, larvae and adults were sprayed with the oils. The hatched larvae were counted for 10 consecutive days and observed until pupation. Insect mortality was observed after 24, 48 and 72 hours. The essential oil of E. staigeriana was the most effective on the eggs of the insect (CE50: 3.6 (2.28 5.23) mg/ml). The essential oil of L. sidoides was the most effective on the larvae of Lu. longipalpis (CE50: 3.6 (2.28 5.23) mg/ml). The oils of E. staigeriana and L. sidoides were the most effective on the adult insects of the vector, presenting CE50 in the values of 0.59 (0.37 0.82) mg/ml and 0,54 (0,42 - 0,68) mg/ml, respectively. The major constituents of the oils were, (+) limonene, Z-citral and E-citral (E. staigeriana); b-citronellal (E. citriodora); 1,8-cineole (E. globulus), 6-Dimethylocta-2,7-dien-6-ol (-linalool) (C. sativum), triterpenes (A. indica) and Thymol (L. sidoides), respectively. These results demonstrate good potential for the use of plants as an alternative control strategy for Lu. longipalpis.

ASSUNTO(S)

flebotomíneo plantas inseticidas leishmaniose reproducao animal sandfly insecticidal plants leishmaniasis

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