Contribuição do turismo à economia brasileira. / Tourism contribution to the Brazilian economy.
AUTOR(ES)
Francisco Casimiro Filho
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO
2002
RESUMO
This study aimed to analyze the tourism contributions to the Brazilian economy, considering the productive framework of 1999. For that, it was aimed to characterize the inter-sectors relations and measure the impacts on product, employment and income, deriving from variations in the final demand, focusing on sectors that form the tourism segment. It was also aimed to outline this segment in terms of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and working people. In order to perform this study, it was needed to share the input-output matrix constituted to the country into sectors which were considered touristy and non-touristy. In the analysis, it was used, among others, the linkage index of Hirschmann-Rasmussem, the field of influence, the pure linkages indexes and the multipliers. The linkages inter-sector indexes allowed the identification of key-sectors, considering the input-output model here developed and the level of aggregation used. Among the sectors classified as key-sectors, using the most extensive concept, six (06) were initially considered as compounds of the tourism segment: regular air transport, non-regular air transport, travel agents and agencies, supporting activities of air transport, hotels and other types of temporary accommodation, restaurants and other food establishments. The analysis of impacts which might occur in production, income and employment in case there were variations in the final demand evidenced that the sectors which form the tourism segment showed high sectors multipliers, for production and income, on the contrary of employment multiplier, which showed relatively low values in the productive framework here considered. However, the analysis of the power to generate new employment, in case there was an increase of investment of R$ 1 million in sectors of economy, allowed to conclude that the segment of tourism is formed of sectors with major possibilities to generate new employment, especially when it was considered the family consumption as "endogenus" to the system. As for the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), results show a share of 7.54% of the GDP deriving from tourism, revealing vast space for growth, as stated in this study. It was also noticed, that the increase in consumption of domestic and foreign tourists in Brazil have different impacts on employment generating, the net direct tax, families income, added value and total production. Overall, the domestic tourism has shown a bit more efficient than the international tourism in Brazil, measuring this efficiency in terms of employment units and monetary units of net indirect taxes, families income and added value per unit of increase in the tourist consumption. However, the international tourism must not be placed in second plan, once it constitutes a major foreign exchange for the country. In face of this, it is pointed out the importance of implementing policies and programs to promote the development of the sector of tourism in Brazil, considering that tourism contributes to the growth of the national economy.
ASSUNTO(S)
turismo brasil desenvolvimento turístico input-output tourism - economic aspects turismo aspectos econômicos tourism brazil insumo-produto tourism development
