Contaminação biológica e o uso de animais de montaria no Parque Nacional da Serra do Cipó - MG  / Biological contamination and horse hiding in the Serra do Cipó National Park MG

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2010

RESUMO

Serra do Cipó National Park has undergone a major management challenge that is the definition of the use of horse riding by the visitors. Recently, the Brazilian Government launched a document entitled Diretrizes para visitação em unidades de conservação (Guidelines for visitation in protected areas) which dictates certain rules for recreation ecology activities. However, there are relevant issues that are incoherent with the Brazilian law for protected areas called the Sistema Nacional de Unidades de Conservação (National System of Conservation Areas). The presence of domestic animals in protected areas can cause several environmental impacts, including the entry of alien species causing biological contamination. The horses used by visitors can be a vehicle of entry of alien species, either through the hair, the legs and also the dung. This research aimed to investigate whether there is a relation between the use of horses and biological contamination of exotic grasses by horsesdung in the Serra do Cipó National Park. Therefore, we selected two trails of the park which present significant differences in terms of topography and land use history: the Capão dos Palmitos trail and the Farofa trail. The method was defined based on the work of Campbell and Gibson (2001). From each of the tracks were collected equine dung and soil samples in two seasons (autumn and summer). The samples were divided into two experiments, one installed in situ and another at the Laboratory of Reproductive Biology and Genetics of Tree Species of ESALQ / USP. Another experiment, also conducted in situ, verified the presence of exotic grasses and native plants in areas served by the two trails. Four points, which had as reference the center of the trails, were defined for sampling: center, edge, transition and interior. Statistical analysis was performed using SAS software, version 9.3.1. The results showed that there has been an increase in the amount of exotic grasses in the trail of Farofa when compared with the path of Capão. On the trail of Farofa significant difference was found among the center point and the others. On the trail of Capão no difference among the points was assessed. The native species were found more frequently on the trail of the Capão. There was a statistical difference between the center points on both trails. The results obtained from soil samples that were in the controlled experiment in the laboratory revealed that there is no difference in germination between the trails. Dung samples, however, showed differences between the tracks, and there is a greater germination in the trail of Farofa. A significant difference in germination between the periods of autumn and summer was found both in the dung samples and in the soil samples. There was no germination in the experiment installed

ASSUNTO(S)

parques nacionais serra do cipó. Áreas de conservação plantas exóticas protected areas environmental impacts plantas invasoras horse dung graminoid taxa impactos ambientais serra do cipó. alien species national park muares cavalos gramíneas invasive species esterco

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