Construction and evaluation of hydrocyclone for pre-filtering irrigation water. / Construção e avaliação de hidrociclone para pré-filtragem da água de irrigação.

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2003

RESUMO

Good water quality is uppermost in irrigated agriculture for the perfect functioning of irrigation systems and their components. The use of water containing suspended sediments has caused serious problems to irrigation systems, reducing the useful life of their components, clogging pipes and emitters, consequently causing non-uniform irrigations and low efficiency. Choosing the right filtering system type and capacity is essential to avoid increases in operational and maintenance costs of irrigation systems due to the need for cleaning and frequent replacing of their components. Pre-filters, such as hydrocyclones, are important for their significant capability to retain particles larger than 100 mm present in water, keeping the head loss constant with the time, unlike other filters normally used in irrigation systems. Despite being present in the international literature, data on the performance of hydrocyclones used for pre-filtering irrigation water in Brazil are not available. Therefore, four Rietema type hydrocyclones (50 mm diameter) were construction in the Hydraulics Laboratory of the Rural Engineering Department – ESALQ/USP- one presenting circular-end feeding tube and the other three presenting rectangular-end feeding tubes with decreasing sections. The evaluation of the hydrocyclones performance was conducted by using suspensions of fine sand and clay soil under various pressure differentials. The comparison criteria used were the discharge and the separation capability, given by total efficiency and reduced total efficiency. Results showed that the hydrocyclone with circular-end feeding tube presented the highest indexes for the comparison criteria adopted, considering sand and soil suspensions.

ASSUNTO(S)

clay soil hydrocyclones água para irrigação (qualidade) irrigação sand filtration solo argiloso water for irrigation (quality) areia granulometria filtração granulometer hidrociclones irrigation

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