Condições de armazenamento e conservação do potencial fisiológico de sementes de diferentes genótipos de milho / Storage conditions and seed performance of different corn genotypes

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2011

RESUMO

Seed storability is affected by several factors including genotype and environmental conditions. Corn seed producers are highly concerned with variations in seed longevity of different hybrids, resulting in lower performance than desired during the normal sowing season as much as during off season times. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of storage conditions on the seed physiological potential of different corn genotypes to identify possible causes of changes in seed performance. Three experimental corn hybrids each represented by three seed lots produced by Syngenta Seeds were evaluated. Seeds were stored for fifteen months under three environments: cold and dry chamber (10ºC and 30% relative air humidity), laboratory, and controlled environment (20ºC and 70% relative air humidity). Seed performance was evaluated every three months by germination, accelerated aging and cold tests as well as field seedling emergence. Activity of the enzymatic systems superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), esterase (EST), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), glutamate oxalacetate transaminase (GOT), glutamate dehydrogenase (GTDH), -amilase (-AM) and sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH) was also determined using electrophoresis. The storability of corn seeds from different genotypes can be consistently evaluated by associating germination and vigor test results with isoenzymatic activity. Changes in alcohol dehydrogenase, catalase, esterase, -amilase and sorbital dehydrogenase isoenzymatic systems can identify the progress of seed deterioration in corn and establish causes of differences in performance among seed genotypes and lots. Storage under sub-optimal temperature and relative air humidity is an efficient procedure to provoke differences in intensity and speed of seed deterioration in corn seeds of different genotypes.

ASSUNTO(S)

deterioration fisiologia aninal isoenzymes isoinzimas longevity milho-vigor sementes-deterioração. vigor. zea mays

Documentos Relacionados