Cobertura morta de milho na umidade do solo e produtividade do feijoeiro irrigado em sistema plantio direto na região de Campinas-SP / Maize mulching in the soil moisture and productivity of irrigated dry bean under no-tillage system in Campinas-SP

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2011

RESUMO

Due to the potential of the no-tillage system (SPD) in the water and soil conservation combined with the need for research with irrigated crops in this system, mainly in the State of São Paulo, has been increasing the demand for information to minimize the degradation of hydrical resources, inappropriately used in the search for higher productivities. However, due to the importance of the need of water for irrigation, it becomes essential to farmers awareness to water rational management, by implementation of conservation techniques and also practical and efficient equipments for monitoring soil moisture. Despite its importance in the success of the SPD, there is a lack of studies, about permanence and adequate amount of mulch on the soil surface, which may provide water availability needed for plants for a longer period of time, considering mulch decomposition. So, studies were conducted to evaluate the influence of different amounts of maize mulch in the moisture conservation and dry bean productivity and also, to evaluate the TDR technique to monitor soil moisture and irrigation management and soil water redistribution. For that, was sown dry bean, Pérola variety, in the winter period, during years 2007, 2008 and 2009. In the first year, was characterized the dry bean root sytem, throughout its development cycle to find a relation with the aerial part, and also, as way to improve the irrigation water applied calculation to crops irrigated, contributing to rational irrigation management. On the second year, the objective was to verify the influence of different amounts of maize mulch in the soil moisture conservation, temperature and crop productivity, and in the last year was development a portable equipment to optimize the moisture readings in the field with TDR probes, such as proposed tool to be used for irrigation management and soil water redistribution tests. It was possible to verify that the dry bean effective root depth varied during the crop cycle, showing good correlation with plant height, leaf area index and dry mass of aerial part. The largest quantify of maize mulch provided largest values of soil moisture, less values of soil temperature and largest grain yield and its productivity components. The TDR technique with the portable equipment was feasible to monitor soil moisture and can be used for irrigation management and soil water redistribution tests.

ASSUNTO(S)

irrigação reflectometria no domínio do tempo solo - conservação feijão - cultivo cobertura morta irrigation time domain reflectometry soil beans mulching

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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