Caracterização do material particulado em Cubatão / CHARACTERIZATION OF PARTICULATE MATTER IN CUBATÃO

AUTOR(ES)
FONTE

IBICT - Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

05/05/2011

RESUMO

This work evaluated the particulate matter (PM) collected at the Environmental Research and Training Center (CEPEMA) located in Cubatão City. Sampling was made between 2009, March and 2010, November for fine, coarse and inhalable aerosol (Mini-Vol) and for the various fractions of PM with a cascade impactor (MOUDI) during eight experimental campaigns. A climatological study was performed for temperature, pressure, relative humidity, wind speed and direction using data from CETESB stations: Centro (10 years), Vila Parisi (10 years) and Vale do Mogi (4 years). Precipitation data was obtained from the Civil Defense for the city of Santos. Most samplings made during 2009 were concomitant with rainy days, whereas 2010 samplings were made in drier periods. Fine particulate matter (FPM) had average concentrations of: 15.7 and 18.8 g m-3 in 2009 and 2010, respectively, with MOUDI and 15.8 and 23.6 g m-3, with Mini-Vol. Coarse Particulate Matter (CPM) had average concentrations of: 11.4 and 14.1 g m-3 in 2009 and 2010, respectively, with MOUDI, and 18.9 and 13.4 g m-3, with Mini-Vol. Reflectance analysis showed that the Black Carbon is almost completely in the FPM, reaching up to 15 % (20 %) of the FPM mass when sampled with MOUDI (Mini-Vol). Dominant ions are sulfate (SO42-), nitrate (NO3-), sodium (Na+), ammonium (NH4+) and calcium (Ca2+) and the dominant elements are sulfur (S), silicon (Si) and iron (Fe). The size distributions shows a very pronounced nucleation mode for the S, K, P and Cl, indicating the contribution of anthropogenic sources and secondary aerosol formation. The highest concentrations of Si, Cl, Ca, Fe, Ca2+, NO3- and Na+ are in CPM. For Cl- and Na+, major concentrations were found in samples with diurnal south-southwest wind indicating marine aerosol contribution.

ASSUNTO(S)

bc bc composição elementar cubatão cubatão distribuição de tamanho ionic and elemental composition íons material particulado particulate matter size distribution

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