Caracterização do fluxo de tráfego em rodovias de pista simples do Estado de São Paulo / Characterization of the traffic flow on two-lane rural highways in the state of São Paulo

AUTOR(ES)

José Elievam Bessa Júnior

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

The goal of this research was to characterize the fundamental relationships of traffic flow on two-lane rural highways in the state of São Paulo through models based on parameters that reflect the quality of service and that could be obtained from direct observations of traffic flows. To reach this goal, sets of data were obtained from observation of traffic flows and from detectors installed on roads. The data collected from direct observation was used to calibrate and validate a microscopic traffic simulation model, as well as for the calculation of performance measures used in some of the analyses. The microsimulation model was calibrated using an automatic procedure that is based on a genetic algorithm. The recalibrated model was found to be able to reproduce traffic sensor data as well as traffic flow characteristics observed in the 11 road segments observed for this research. A procedure for synthetic data generation, which uses a microsimulation model and a genetic algorithm, was proposed. Synthetic data obtained through this procedure were used to develop the models that describe the relationships between flow rate, traffic stream speed and percent time spent following (PTSF) for two-lane roads in the state of São Paulo. These models could replace those used in the HCM-2000 for quality of service analysis of two-lane roads in São Paulo. New fundamental relationships, which better reflect the operational conditions on local two-lane roads were also studied: a concave speed-flow relationship and an exponential PTSF-flow model. Five alternatives to PTSF were studied and correlated to one-way and two-way flows. Among these, a novel definition of PTSF, based on the ratio of average number of headways within platoons and average number of headways between platoons, was found to be the most accurate (90% of the cases), adopting the HCM-2000 criteria. Thus, this new measure could be used to evaluate the quality of service on two-lane rural highways.

ASSUNTO(S)

level of service nível de serviço simulação de tráfego rodovias de pista simples algoritmo genético two-lane rural highways genetic algorithm traffic simulation

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