Caracterização de alguns parametros biologicos de Macrocheles muscaedomesticae (Scopoli, 1772)(Acari : Gamasida) associada a moscas sinantropicas em granja de aves poedeiras de Monte-Mor, S.P. (Acarina: Mesostigmata; Macrochelidae

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

1994

RESUMO

The purpose of this work is to study some biological aspects of Macrocheles muscaedomesticae (SCOPOLI, 1772) (Acari: Gamasida) like optimum temperature establishment for the species development, research of temperature s influence in parameters of population s development, thermal constant determination, study of population s evolution through time using life table and also the investigation of some feeding habits aiming at its management in the field. A sample of macrochelids was taken from chicken droppings and kept in laboratory with frozen eggs of Musca domestica for 24 months. The following experiments were carried out: detection of adults longevity, the laying eggs rates (daily and total) and the adult progeny sex-ratio at three constant temperatures (20°C, 27°C and 33°C); the study of species food preferences, research of daily predatory rate of mites on frozen house fly eggs observation of development s time and longevity of imatures stages, as well as the larva eclosion s rate at four constant temperatures development was observed. The life tables set up at three temperatures (20°C, 27°C and 33°C) provided the following rates: net reproductive rate (RO) , generation time (T), intrinsic rate (rm) and finite rate s natural increment (Rm). AI though, i t was added alculations about females expectation daily and mortali ty rate in each interval of time. The development basic temperature was used in the determination of species thermal constant. Tests realized about adults longevity, time of development and imature stages longevity showed that low temperatures prolong adults life and increase the development time, whereas high temperatures result in high and faster mortality, and accelerate development, leading to precocious adult formation. It was compared the adult survival and development time, between males and females, it was observed at all temperatures that females have a longer longevity and need more time to become adulto The laying rates and progeny sex-ratio are parameters that vary under thermal influence, and low temperatures reduce females fertility, and both extremes (20°C and 33°C) seem inhibit coupling causing birth of greater number of partenogenetics males. The feeding preference test demonstrated that mites perceive food presence by smell, however they don t present accentuated preference by none type of fly s eggs that were offered to them. This species predatory rate above eggs of ~. domestica was relatively low when compared to those obtained by other authors. The lower thermal threshold of development of these individuals is practically the same for both sexes, but constant temperatures confirm that the caloric needs for development of males are lower. The life tables present the liquid reproductivity rate, the intrinsic natural increment rate and finite increment rate greater at 27°C when compared with 20°C and 33°C, while the time of generation was less at 33°C and greater at 20°C. Therefore, the combined analyses of the populational increment rates and the generation time demonstraded that the temperature of 27°C was the best one for the development of the species, being considered the "best temperature". Finally, the total analysis of the predatory potential of M. muscaedomesticae in relation to the M. domestica was performed and conclude that the macrochelids population researched showed that it isn t ideal for the fly contraI, unless if used as a auxiliary to other techniques in integrated management.

ASSUNTO(S)

mosca acaros acarologia

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