Caracterização da madeira de árvores de clones de Eucalyptus grandis, E. saligna e E. grandis x urophylla. / Wood characterization of Eucalyptus grandis, E. saligna and E. grandis x urophylla clones.

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2004

RESUMO

In Brazil, as in many other countries, it has been verified significant advances in intensive clone silviculture with remarkable differences between clones of species and hybrids of Eucalyptus based on parameters of growth and development. At the same time, during these last years, it has been introduced the concept of multiple uses of trees log, having the wood as cellulose and paper source, solid wood and other applications as strategies for rising rentability of forestry enterprise. For the above, this research was based on wood of 8-year-old clones of Eucalyptus grandis, E. saligna and E. grandis x urophylla, heading to the optimization of its use. The 5 best clones of each specie and hybrid were selected based on their characteristics silviculturais and were chosen from clone cultures of Cia Suzano de Celulose e Papel, located at the district of São Miguel Arcanjo, in SP. For every clone it was selected and sliced the 10 best trees (over 150) and their dendrometrics parameters were measured (DHP, total highness, commercial highness, thicket bark etc). These trees had their log sliced in cylinders of wood, in 5 percentage of highness of the log and DHP, over a total amount of 900 sample. Under laboratory conditions, these wood samples were prepared and analyzed respecting the parameters about the wood quality related to its aspects anatomic (anatomic structure, radial variability of dimensions fibers, vases, heartwood and sapwood) and physics aspects (basic density, density based on densitometry of x-rays, radial variability of parameters about the wood quality related to its aspects anatomic (anatomic structure, radial variability of dimensions fibers, vases, heartwood and sapwood) and physics aspects (basic density, density based on densitometry of x-rays, radial variability of density) to obtain the uniformity index of wood. The results provided a detailed characterization of the clones of each tree related to the variations all over their log and related to the radial direction of DHP samples, as to know: (i) medium content of bark and sapwood was superior in clones of E.saligna, the heartwood in E.grandis, (ii) the medium values of wood basic density were 0,46; 0,47; 0,49 g/cm3 for the E.grandis, E.saligna and E.grandis x urophylla; it has occurred longitudinal variations inside and between clones of eucalyptus species, (iii) it was observed the variations about quality and quantity of anatomic elements of wood between species and hybrid of eucalyptus, (iv) the medium values of density apparent of wood was 0,46; 0,54; 0,55 g/cm3 in clones of E.grandis, E.saligna and E. grandis x urophylla, (v) the uniformity index indicated more homogeneity of wood in clones of E.grandis and E. saligna. Starting from these results, it had been stated some potencial uses of cloned wood for the 2 species and hibryd of Eucalyptus.

ASSUNTO(S)

hibridação vegetal eucalipto clone dendrometria madeira wood anatomia vegetal eucalyptus clone

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