Caracterização da diversidade genetica molecular em germoplasma de Brachiaria spp / Molecular genetic diversity characterization in a germplasm collection of Brachiaria spp

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

Brachiaria is a genus that comprises about 100 species. In the last decades, some of its species have been widely used as forages in the Tropics. A germplasm collection with 14 species represented by 443 accessions was introduced to Brazil in the decade of 1980 and is maintained at Embrapa Beef Cattle, Campo Grande, central Brazil. This collection has been used in the Tropical Forages Breeding Program of the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation. The most valuable species, considering agronomical aspects, are: B. brizantha, B. decumbens, B. dictyoneura, B. humidicola and B. ruziziensis. The main goal of this work was the development of microsatellite markers for B. brizantha and B. humidicola and the characterization of the genetic diversity found within these species in both inter- and intraspecific approaches. A total of 28 polymorphic microsatellites is described for B. brizantha, while for B. humidicola we present 27 polymorphic loci. Twenty microsatellites of B. brizantha were used for assessing the genetic variability in 160 accessions and five cultivars of this species. Out of these twenty loci, seven were used to evaluate the 165 genotypes of B. brizantha and 13 accessions of B. decumbens, 7 of B. dictyoneura, 42 of B. humidicola and 16 of B ruziziensis. Twenty seven loci reported for B. humidicola were used in the intraspecific characterization of the genetic diversity of the whole collection of this species (58 accessions) and two cultivars. The interspecific genetic diversity revealed through similarities showed that the markers used were able to distinguish the five species studied. B. brizantha, B. decumbens and B. ruziziensis were the most similar, while B. humidicola and B. dictyoneura were closer to each other. Besides, a Bayesian analysis showed that B. brizantha and B. decumbens share exclusive allelic pools not present in the other species. Likewise, B. dictyoneura e B. ruziziensis share another allelic pool, while B. humidicola did not share genic pools with any other species. The intraspecific genetic diversity survey in B. brizantha revealed that genotypes were positioned within three major groups, but the genetic variability does not seem to be very structured. The intraspecific survey in B. humidicola showed a clear distinction between the one sexual accession of this species and all the other apomictic accessions, and unveiled that the genetic diversity within this species is more strongly structured than in B. brizantha

ASSUNTO(S)

brachiaria genetic variability poliploide variabilidade genetica polyploidy marcadores moleculares germplasm collection capim-braquiaria banco germoplasma molecular markers

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

Documentos Relacionados