Caracterização ambiental e estimativa da produção de cargas difusas da área de drenagem da represa de Itupararanga, SP / Environmental characterization and estimative of diffuse pollution of Itupararanga watershed, SP

AUTOR(ES)

Lorena Ferrari Secchin

FONTE

IBICT - Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

24/05/2012

RESUMO

The use of satellite images has improved the study of the land use dynamics. Land cover mapping have become fundamental tools in the assessment of landscape changes caused by human action and its influence on regional and urban planning. Computation tools such as Geographic Information Systems and hydrological models have supported these findings. The hydrological model SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool), developed by U. S. Agriculture Department, a model physically based and semi-distributed parameters with a GIS graphical interface. Due your environmental and economic value, the morphologic characterization of Itupararanga watershed, with 936,54 \ KM POT.2\ , located in São Paulo state, have fundamental relevance and use of current data alows the study be more accurate. From images of Liss 3 sensor of ResourceSat-1 satelite, the current land use map was produced through supervised classification by maximum likelihood method and validated by control points on field collection, resulting in Kappa coefficient of 0.64 and overall accuracy rate of 71%. The morphological parameters showed that watershed is well drained and has low probability of flooding. The hydrological modeling was calibrated from January of 2005 to December of 2008 and had efficient value of 0.41 and trend rate of zero. Validation reached results of de 0.301 and 5.5% for these coefficients, considered acceptable for adjust values. Were found values of 9.66 and 1.5 for nitrogen and phosphorus, in kg/ha.year, respectively, for the values of diffuse pollution, high results in comparison between studies with this focus. The comparison between scenarios indentified the need to adopt conservation pratices through occupation planning to make the activities inside the basin and mitigate the pressure on natural resources.

ASSUNTO(S)

morphology non-point source poluição difusa swat swat morfologia modelagem hidrológica geoprocessamento geoprocessing hydrological modelling

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