Características químicas e frações da matéria orgânica do solo em diferentes distâncias do tronco e de raízes de eucalipto / Chemical characteristics and fractions of the organic matter of the soil in different distances of the log and of eucalyptus roots

AUTOR(ES)

Geraldo Erli de Faria

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2006

RESUMO

Knowing the spatial variation of soil chemical characteristics is very important to design soil sampling for analyses and for fertilizer recommendation. This research aimed to determine soil chemical variation as affected by the distance from the stem, in both along and between the planting rows, and along roots of different diameters in eucalypt stands 31, 54, and 84 months of age, planted in the Eastern Coastal Region of Brazil. An additional objective was to determine the variation of soil organic matter content as influenced by eucalypt unexcavated old stumps which remained in the area from the previous plantation. Soil samples were collected around trees whose diameter at breast height corresponded to the average of the population and around old stumps, and at the distances of 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 cm from the tree or stump, both along and between planting rows. The samples were collected at the depths of 0-10, 10-20, and 20-40 cm, in eucalypt stands 31, 54, and 84 months of age. Trenches were excavated to 40 cm depth, close to a tree of mean diameter, to expose root segments, and soil samples were collected cm by cm from the root surface up to 5 cm down from the root. Three root classes were considered: <2 mm, 2-5 mm, and 5-10 cm diameter. The soil samples were analyzed for pH, P, K, Ca, Mg, Al, and organic matter. The results indicated that: 1) the variation in the soil chemical characteristics was caused by liming and fertilizer applications, suggesting the importance of knowing the management technique applied to the stand before a program of soil sampling is carried out; 2) total soil organic matter increased as the stand aged and when a minimum disturbance is caused to the soil; 3) leaving the slash on soil surface increased the content of the light fraction of organic matter, humic substances and total organic carbon of the soil surface layer.

ASSUNTO(S)

eucalipto sampling ciencia do solo fertilidade do solo eucalyptus amostragem soil fertility

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